Unit 3 Theology Gurley

Fast

To go without food for periods of time. Catholics fast as a form of penance, especially during Lent.

Temptation

Attraction to act contrary to reason/God's commandments

Intercede

To act as a mediator/go-between

Kingdom of God

God's reign/rule over all things. During his public ministry, Jesus proclaimed that the Kingdom of God was at hand

The church is the seed/beginning of the Kingdom here on earth.

The Kingdom will be fulfilled in Heaven

Particular Judgment

the judgment experienced immediately after death in which the sum total of our life's choices for or against God are revealed

Based on our life decisions, we'll either go to Heaven, Purgatory, or Hell

General/Last Judgment

Hour when Christ returns in glory and when we'll be judged on final time before him

We will see how we all have done/failed to do affected everyone/everything

Only Father knows when General Judgement (Last Judgment) occurs

Parables

Short stories that convey unfamiliar/complex truths in a simpler/easier to understand analogical story with familiar situations with metaphor and symbolism.

Apostles

"One who is sent" as Jesus was sent by his father. They are chosen witnesses of Jesus's resurrection and the church's foundation.

Keys of the Kingdom

Sacred authority given by Jesus to St. Peter to make decisions that would be binding on earth and in Heaven.

Bishop

Successor to Apostles who have received the fullness of Sacrament of Holy Orders. He is leader of a Church/diocese entrusted to him.

Pope

Successor to St. Peter as Bishop of Rome and Supreme Pontiff of the universal Catholic Church who exercises a primacy of authority as Vicar of Christ on earth and shepherd of the whole church.

Transfiguration

Event described in 3 synoptic Gospels where Jesus took Peter, James, and John up a mountain to see him transformed in radiant divine glory.

Also saw prophets Moses and Elijah and heard the voice of Father telling them Jesus was his beloved Son and to listen to him.

This is one of the Luminous Mysteries of the Rosary

Real Presence

Christ's true Body and Blood, Soul and Divinity contained in Eucharist under the appearance of bread and wine.

Why was Jesus Baptized?

To "Fulfill all righteousness"

Underwent as God's Suffering Servant, submitting Himself entirely to Father's will and allowed himself to be part of the sinners.

Who was present at Jesus' baptism?

Jesus (Son of God) was in the river

God (The Father) opened the heavens and revealed the divine Personhood of Jesus

Holy Spirit appeared as a dove, revealing that Jesus is the messiah or Christ (the anointed by the Spirit)

What was revealed to the people at Jesus' baptism?

John baptized Jesus, and God the Father and the Holy Spirit revealed him as the Messiah and the Son of God.

How many days in the desert did Jesus fast and pray?

40

What were the temptations of Jesus in the desert?

Tempted Jesus' hunger and to turn away from God: "If you are the Son of God, command that these stones become loaves of bread"

Tempted Jesus's power to prove His divinity: "If He really were the Son of God, He could throw Himself off the Temple, and angels would come to save Him"

Tempted Jesus with power: Satan offered Jesus all the kingdoms of the world if He would bow down and worship him

Why is Jesus called the "new Adam?"

Like the first Adam, Jesus was tempted, but unlike him, he did not sin

Jesus successfully rejected temptation and remained obedient to His father in all things

What happened after Jesus resisted Satan's temptations?

Satan tried to tempt Jesus to use His power for Himself: to gain wealth and power, and to enjoy the glory and adoration of the world

Satan left Jesus and angels ministered to Him

Jesus successfully rejected temptation and remained obedient to His Father in all things

What was Jesus' first miracle?

The Wedding Feast at Cana: Jesus changed water into wine

Who requested Jesus perform this first miracle?

Mary

Why is Mary called the "New Eve?"

Eve prompted Adam to sin, Mary prompted Jesus to begin His work of redemption

Eve said no to God and had a lack of faith in him, while Mary had full faith in God.

What was the primary theme of Jesus' earthly ministry?

The Kingdom of God

What is called to enter the Kingdom of God?

Everyone

Who does the Kingdom of God belong to?

It belongs to God, but it is open to everyone

What is the beginning of the Kingdom of God on Earth?

The Kingdom of God is a mystery that will not be fully realized on Earth until Jesus comes in glory

We can learn important things about the kingdom from Jesus

What is required of sinners to enter the Kingdom of God?

Repentance and Acceptance of Jesus

Why does Jesus perform miracles?

Jesus's miracles testify to his power to heal all types of illness and distress.

His miracles are evidence that He comes from the Father

It invites people to believe in Him

Why does Jesus cast out demons?

To demonstrate his authority over Satan

What is important to note in the story of Jesus healing the paralyzed man?

Jesus offered healing and forgiveness in response to the faith of the paralyzed man and his friends

Demonstrated the authority that Jesus has been given by the Father

What is the significance of Jesus choosing 12 Apostles?

Jesus chose the 12 Apostles to be the foundation of His Church 12 is symbolic → signifies that the Church is the restoration of the kingdom of Israel (12 Tribes of Israel)

Which Apostle professes that Jesus is the Son of God?

Peter

Which Apostle is given the keys of the Kingdom?

Peter

Who was given the power to "bind and loose?"

The Apostles and future priests

Who continues to exercise the ministry and authority specifically entrusted to Peter?

Pope

Why was Moses and Elijah's presence at the Transfiguration important?

Represents the Law and the Prophets

What was the purpose of the Transfiguration?

Gave Peter, James, and John a glimpse of Jesus's divine glory Strengthens the faith of the Apostles to prepare them for Jesus's Passion

What are Jewish people remembering when they celebrate the Passover?

The Jewish passover ritual is an annual ceremonial remembrance of when God brought the Israelites out of Egypt They remember God

Which Sacrament did Jesus institute during Passover?

The Eucharist (Holy Communion)

How does the Paschal Mystery fulfill what the Passover prefigures?

On Good Friday, Jesus would give up His Body and pour of His Blood on the Cross, and the New Covenant would be sealed The Passover is when Jesus took bread and wine, the symbols of the Passover of the Old Covenant, gave thanks, and transformed them into the very Body and Blood He would offer on the Cross in the Passover of the New Covenant

What symbols of the Passover did Jesus use in the Last Supper?

Lamb

Bread and wine

What did Jesus mean when He said "do this in memory of me?"

He wanted the Apostles to carry out his message as priests

How was Jesus recognized on the way to Emmaus?

Emmaus recognized Jesus in the breaking of the bread

What are the bread and wine changed into at Mass?

The Body and Blood of Jesus

How did people respond to Jesus' Bread of Life Discourse?

Some people accepted Him, but others thought it was too hard, so they left

Why is the response to the Bread of Life Discourse significant?

We need faith to accept it, and it is a mystery that causes division in the Church

Which elements of the early Christian's Eucharistic Liturgy can be recognized at Mass today?

Readings from the Old and New Testament

Homily on the readings Intercessory prayers

Signs of Peace

Consecration of the bread and wine in a prayer of thanksgiving

Distribution of Eucharist

Sending the Eucharist to believers who are not at the liturgy

Why does Jesus remain hidden in the Eucharist?

He wants us to completely trust Him

Which mysteries of the Rosary are made up of events entirely from Jesus' earthly ministry?

Five Luminous Mysteries of the Rosary