Python 221 Terms

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63 Terms

1

Argument

A value sent into a function.

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2

Arithmetic operators

Operators such as +, -, *, //, %, used for arithmetic calculations.

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3

ASCII

A subset of the Unicode Character set mapping the set of keyboard characters to integers that can be stored in the computer

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4

Assignment operator

The operator = which is used to assign a value to an object.

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5

Assignment statement

A statement setting a variable to a value.

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6

Binary operators

Operators needing two operands, such as +, -, *, /, %.

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7

Byte

The smallest addressable unit of memory. 8 bits make a byte.

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8

Bit

A binary digit, 8 bits make a byte.

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9

High-level language

A programming language designed to be relatively easy for people to understand and use.

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10

Algorithm

A set of steps which, when followed, give a solution to a problem.

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11

Blueprint

A term used to describe the nature of a class which creates multiple copies of itself

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12

Boolean expression

An expression that evaluates to true or false.

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13

Comments

Non-executing text which a programmer inserts in the program to explain and document the code.

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14

Concatenation

Putting two strings together to form one

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15

Concatenation operator

The operator + which concatenates two strings.

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16

Debugging

Removing syntax or grammar, run-time, and logical errors from a program.

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17

Divide and conquer

A method of problem solving which breaks the problem into smaller pieces to make it easier to solve.

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18

Escape sequence or escape characters

Characters that override the meaning of the code to allow for insertion of special characters

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19

Execute

To run a program.

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20

Floating-point type

Numbers with a decimal point.

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21

Parameter

A placeholder in a method used to stand in for the argument.

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22

Identifier

A programmer-created name of a variable.

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23

Infinite loop

A loop which has no exit.

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24

Information hiding

Creating a method which can be used without knowledge of its design or implementation.

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25

Increment

Adding one to a variable during processing, usually in a loop.

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26

Integer type

A whole number without a decimal point.

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27

Keyword or reserved word

A word reserved by Python that cannot be used as an identifier.

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28

Logic error

An error not caught by the interpreter.

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29

Logical operators

Operators used in a logical expression, such as

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30

Loop

A programming mechanism to control repeated execution of a block of code.

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31

Loop control variable

A variable used to control a loop.

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32

Machine language

The language that the computer can understand directly.

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33

Nested loop

A loop within a loop.

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34

Off-by-one error

A loop which misses the number of repetitions by one.

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35

Overloading

Having two or more method definitions with the same method name.

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36

Parameter

A placeholder that is filled with an argument when a function is called.

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37

Precedence rules

The default order in which operators are performed.

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38

Program

A set of programmer-written instructions for the computer to follow

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39

Pseudocode

Python-like code and English statements used to write the program's algorithm.

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40

Relational operators

Operators used in a logical expression, such as

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41

Relational expression

An expression which evaluates to true or false.

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42

Repetition

One of the fundamental control mechanisms which repeats a block of code.

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43

Reserved word or keyword

Words with pre-defined meaning which cannot be used as user identifiers.

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44

Return value

The value returned by a function.

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45

Robust

A program which does not crash because it tests input for correctness.

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46

Run-time errors

Errors caught by the computer when the program is running.

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47

Selection

Also known as branching, one of the fundamental control mechanisms used to choose a logical path.

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48

Self-documenting code

Choosing descriptive variable names to aid in program understanding.

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49

Sentinel

An end-of-data marker, indicating the end of a loop.

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50

Sequence

One of the fundamental control mechanisms, execution of instructions one after another with no branching or repetition.

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51

Software

Programs.

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52

Source code

A program written in a high-level language.

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53

Stepwise refinement

A method of problem solving which breaks the problem into smaller pieces to make it easier to solve.

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54

String

A sequence of characters.

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55

Syntax error

A problem with a program's grammar

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56

Top-down design

A method of problem solving which breaks the problem into smaller pieces to make it easier to solve.

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57

Trace

An important debugging and programming tool, which consists of doing a desk check on code; following the logical path of the code.

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58

Unary operator

An operator which takes only one operand.

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59

Un-initialized

A variable which has not yet been given a value.

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60

User-friendly

A program which provides a good user interface.

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61

User interface

Provides the client the necessary information to use the program or method.

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62

Variable

A user-created identifier to hold an object which can change during the course of the program.

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63

Variable declaration

Telling the computer to create a memory location for an object.

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