Studied by 24 peopleWhat are waves?
Waves carry energy, without the transfer of matter.
What are mechanical waves?
Mechanical waves travel through a physical medium such as air, water, or a rope
What are wave pulse?
A single bump that travels is through a medium
What are Transverse waves?
Waves that disturbs in medium perpendicular to the direction of the wave
What are periodic waves?
A disturbance/bump at a constant rate
What is a Longitudinal wave?
The disturbance is parallel to the direction of the waves travel
What is a surface wave?
The medium particle can follow parallel or perpendicular depending on the direction of wave travel.
What is amplitude?
Measured from the crest or from the trough to the line of rest
You need more energy when?
More the energy is needed for a greater amplitude
What are examples of wave?
Water
Sound
Light
Heat
Radioactivity
Tide
Properties of Waves
Frequency
Wavelength
Crest/Trough
Attenuation
Amplitude
What are three mechanical waves?
Transverse Waves
Longitudinal Waves
Torsional Waves
What is Gravitational waves?
Very large mass produce waves that travel at c = speed of light
Waves Interference
Occurs when two or more waves act simultaneously on the same particles of a medium resulting in a new displacement.
What is the principle of superposition?
That the resultant displacement of a given particle is equal to the sum of displacements that would have been produced by each wave independently
What is a constructive interference?
Occurs when the resultant displacement is greater than the displacement that would be caused by either wave
destructive interference
occurs when the resultant displacement is smaller than the displacement caused by one wave
Standing wave
Can be defined as the resultant of two wave trains of the same wavelength, frequency and amplitude travelling in opposite directions through the same medium
node/ or nodal point
the point that remains at rest when positive and negative pulses of equal amplitude and length travel in opposite directions and interfere
Loop / anitnodes
Occur midway between the nodes, and are areas where double crest and double troughs occur
If frequency increases, the wavelength will
decrease
in standing waves if the frequency is larger
the closer the nodal points are
A wave that vibrates at right angles (perpendicular) to the equilibrium position is said to be a?
transverse wave
Frequency is measured in?
hertz
wavelength is measured in?
meters
periods are measured in
seconds
wave transfer _______ in the form of a _____ through a medium
Energy , Disturbance
A periodic wave has
a constant frequency
When a string is vibrated at its fundamental frequency, ______ loop(s) will be formed.
1 loop will be formed
As a wave moves from a faster medium to a slower medium
the frequency remains constant
Crest is related to trough as compression is related to
rarefraction
the reflected pulse from a fixed end reflection
would be on the opposite side of the rest line as the incident pulse
the transmitted wave created by a wave moving from a heavier string to a lighter string
would increase in speed
the reflected wave created by a wave moving from a lighter spring to a heavier spring
would be similar to a fixed end reflection
destructive interference creates a wave with a smaller
amplitude
the electromagnetic spectrum does not include
sound waves b/c it has a medium and electromagnetic waves don't have a medium
standing waves produce
-nodes -interference -loops
if the frequency of violet light is greater than the frequency of red light, then the?
wavelength of red light is greater than the violet light
What is the period of a pendulum that takes 1 second to make a complete back and forth vibration?
1 second
Distinguish between the following parts of a transverse wave: Amplitude, crest, trough, wavelength
the picture Amplitude - max displacement Crest - point of the greatest positive displacement Trough - point of the greatest negative displacement
Distinguish between the period and the frequency of a vibration or wave. how do they relate to one another
period - time to complete one cycle frequency - how many cycles occur in the given time
Does the medium in which a wave travels move along with the wave itself? Defend your answer
No. The disturbance moves not the medium itself
How does the speed of a wave relate to its wavelength and frequency?
Speed = wavelength x frequency
As the frequency of sound is increased, does the wavelength increase or decrease. Give example
Decrease; my voice creates a high pitch voice when I am louder
distinguish between constructive and destructive interference
Constructive - causes and additive effect destructive - cancelling effect
What causes a standing wave?
Interference of inverted waves with the same frequency, wavelength, speed, and amplitude
A nurse counts 76 heartbeats in 1.0 minute; What are the period and frequency of the heart beats?
T = 0.79s F = 1.3 Hz
What is electromagnetic waves?
electromagnetic spectrum deep space waves, radio waves, IR light visible waves, x-ray micro-waves
what are torsional waves
amplitude is around the axis of propagation
Note
Flashcard