AP Microeconomics: Unit 4 - Imperfect Competition Guide Flashcards

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Common barriers to market entry

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15 Terms

1

Common barriers to market entry

control of scarce resources, legal barriers, high startup costs

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2

Monopoly

market structure where there is only one firm producing a product

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3

Natural Monopoly

has large fixed costs, and long economies of scale, has downward sloping ATC curve

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4

Price Determination

occurs in specific industries as consumers pay a different price for the same good

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5

Imperfect Price Discrimination

charging consumers different prices based on the buyer’s willingness to pay

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6

Perfect Price Discrimination

charges all consumers the maximum they are willing to pay, no deadweight loss, produce at P=MC

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7

Monopolistic Competition

another term for imperfect competition, and occurs when many companies offer competing products which are similar but not perfect substitutes

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8

Oligopoly Characteristics: Interdependent

all the actions that a firm takes will affect the other firms in the oligopoly

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9

Oligopoly Characteristics: Cartel

a group that agrees to control the price and output of a product (often form in oligopoly)

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10

Oligopoly Characteristics: Collusion

working together to maximize profit

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11

Game Theory: Payoff Matrix

represents the payoff to each player to show combinations of given strategies

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12

Game Theory: Dominant Strategy

the strategy that has a better payoff regardless of what strategy the opponent chooses

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13

Game Theory: Nash Equilibrium

point where both players can do no better than the other given the choice of their opponent

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14

Natural Monopoly Production Point

MR=MC

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15

Government force monopoly to set price at:

ATC=D

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