Chapter 22 - The Elements in Nature and Industry

The ________ for one of the three phases determined the distribution of the remaining elements (described below using just the new periodic table group numbers)

The thin, ________, which was most likely a combination of water vapor (which gave rise to nitrogen (or ammonia) and carbon monoxide (to the seas) were generated by evaporation (the expulsion of trapped gases)

________ and convection led more dense elements to sink when the Earth was molten and less dense elements to ascend, resulting in a variety of compositional phases:* The core, or iron phase, was formed by the majority of the Fe.

________ was once a frigid, solid sphere of equally distributed ice.

An element is found in the crust and mantle but not in the ________.

The planet's temperature rose to about 104 degrees Celsius as a result of radioactive decay and ________ strikes.

________ interacted with Si, Al, Mg, and some Fe in the light outer phase to create silicates, the rock material.

The biosphere is made up of the ________ that inhabit it.

When the first rocks formed and ________ filled with water, binary inorganic molecules in the atmosphere reacted to produce simple, then more complex, organic molecules.

The crust accounts for just 0.4 percent of Earth's mass but has the ________ of nonmetals, metalloids, and light, active metals: Al, Ca, Na, and K.* The mantle has considerably lower quantities of these, whereas the core has none.

During the ________, transition metals with lower melting points, as well as numerous metals and metalloids in Groups 11 through 16 were concentrated in the sulfide phasing.

________ was created as a result of differentiation, an interior structure made up of three layers as shown in the image attached.

The outer ________ is molten, and the inner ________ is solid and the size of the Moon.

Earth was created as a result of _________, an interior structure made up of three layers

surrounds the core has a density of 4–6 g/cm3 overall

accounts for just 0.4 percent of Earth's mass but has the greatest concentration of nonmetals, metalloids, and light, active metals: Al, Ca, Na, and K

formed by the majority of the Fe. Oxygen interacted with Si, Al, Mg, and some Fe in the light outer phase to create silicates, the rock material. Later, this silicate phase split into the mantle as well as the crust