Chapter 9: Hypothesis Testing with One Sample

The ________ is p. The estimated value (point estimate) for p is pˆ.

________ (Ha): A statement that we are trying to find evidence to support; contradictory to H0.

________ (H0): A statement of no change, no effect, or no difference.

The ________: Measures the difference between the sample result and the null value.

________: a statement (or claim) about a property /characteristic of a population.

________: we reject the null hypothesis.

Statistically significant: used to describe the results when the researcher has decided that the p- value is small enough to decide in favor of the ________.

Pˆ= x /n where x is the number of successes and n is the ________.

a statement (or claim) about a property/characteristic of a population

a procedure, based on sample evidence and probability, for testing claims about a property/characteristic of a population

A statement of no change, no effect, or no difference

A statement that we are trying to find evidence to support; contradictory to H0

P(Type I Error) = P(Rejecting H0 when H0 is true)

P(Type II Error) = P(Failing to Reject H0 when H0 is false)

probability we correctly reject the null hypothesis, which occurs with probability 1 − β

We reject the null hypothesis when the null hypothesis is true

We do not reject the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true

X ∼ tdf

Measures the difference between the sample result and the null value

the probability that, if the null hypothesis is true, the results from another randomly selected sample will be as extreme or more extreme as the results obtained from the given sample

calculated from the data indicates that we should not reject the null hypothesis

the more unlikely the outcome, and the stronger the evidence is against the null hypothesis

t = x¯− µ / s/ √n

We do this by comparing the p-value to a designated standard

find the probability that the test statistic z could have been equal to or less than what it is

find the probability that the test statistic z could have been equal to or greater than what it is

the p-value includes the probability areas in both extremes of the distribution of the test statistic z

is the region of possible values for the test statistic that would lead to rejection of the null hypothesis

A boundary of a rejection region

we reject the null hypothesis

we fail to reject the null hypothesis

used to describe the results when the researcher has decided that the p-value is small enough to decide in favor of the alternative hypothesis

There is sufficient evidence to conclude [statement in Ha]

There is not sufficient evidence to conclude [statement in Ha]