Fossil List - flashcards

Kingdom Protozoa, single-celled marine organisms with shells

Foraminifera with elongated shells, extinct

Phylum Foraminifera, Order Fusulinda

gets its name from the latin word for wheat; common fossil in Kansas rocks

Foraminifera with spiral shells

Large, disc-shaped foraminifera, extinct

Phylum Foraminifera; Order Rotaliida

Kingdom Animalia, sponges

Calcareous sponge genus

Phylum Porifera

Kingdom Animalia, moss animals

Planktic graptolites

Kingdom Animalia

Kingdom Animalia, corals

Tabulate corals; Phylum Cnidaria

an extinct genus of tabulate coral characterized by polygonal closely packed corallites

Kingdom Animalia; Phylum Cnidaria; Order Tabulata

extinct genus of corals found as fossils in marine rocks from the Late Ordovician Period to the end of the Silurian Period (461 million to 416 million years ago)

Phylum Cnidaria; Order Tabulata

Rugose corals. Phylum Cnidaria

If it bent, it can tell you what environment it lives in and the environments are benthic.

an extinct genus of corals that existed predominantly in the Devonian; horn corals

Phylum Cnidaria; Order Rugosa

Shrimp, lobsters, crabs, barnacles, ostracods

Phylum Arthropoda

the trilobites that most people are familiar with. these trilobites typically have more than two or three thoracic segments, and the pygidium is usually smaller than the cephalon.

Phylum Arthropoda

a genus of trilobite that are found throughout North America, North Africa, and Europe in primarily Silurian outcrops

Phylum Arthropoda; Polymerids

a genus of trilobite restricted to the Middle Cambrian. Its remains have been found in Asia, Australia, Europe, and North America

Phylum Arthropoda; Agnostids

Brachiopods with a hinge

an extinct brachiopod genus that lived from the Late Devonian to the Late Permian. a cosmopolitan global distribution, having lived on every continent except Antarctica

Phylum Brachiopoda; Class Articulata

Articulate brachiopod genus

an extinct genus of large brachiopod that existed from the Darriwilian to the Ludlow epoch

an extinct genus of fossil marine oysters. These bivalves grew cemented by the more cupped left valve. The right valve is flatter, and the beak is curved to one side

Phylum Mollusca; Class Bivalvia

a genus of large scallops or saltwater clams. This genus is known in the fossil record from the Cretaceous period to the Quaternary period. Fossil shells within this genus have been found all over the world

Phylum Mollusca; Class Bivalvia

Extinct cephalopods, ammonites

a widespread genus of ammonites from the Lower Jurassic period, approximately 180 million years ago

Straight-shelled cephalopods

snails, slugs, nudibranchs

Stems, columns, calyxes

brittle stars and basket stars

jawless fish (hagfish and lampreys)

all extinct, armored fish

•Ossified plates

•Paired fins

•Ossified jaws

an extinct genus of "megatoothed" otodontid sharks that lived in the Americas, Asia, Africa, Europe and Australia from the Early Miocene to the Late Pliocene.

"Fish lizard", ichthyosaurs - marine reptile, extinct.

Extinct order of flying archosaurs.

Pterosaurs

- Bipedal carnivores

- Tyrannosaurus rex

- ancestor of birds

a genus of carnivorous dromaeosaurid coelurosaurian dinosaurs

an extinct genus of sauropod dinosaur that lived in North America during the Late Jurassic period

-shorter front legs and taller hind legs

a genus of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur from the Cerro Barcino Formation in Chubut Province, Patagonia, Argentina

a genus of small protoceratopsid dinosaurs that lived in Asia during the Late Cretaceous, around 75 to 71 million years ago

Genus of armored dinosaur. It is one of the most recognizable dinosaurs, with its double row of kite-shaped plates on its back and the two pairs of spikes on its tail. It lived in what is now western North America. In 2006, a specimen was also found in Portugal, showing that they were also present in Europe. Lived during the late Jurassic.

mammals and fossil ancestors

- Mammals

- Hair on bodies

- Mostly give birth to live young (placentals or marsupials) but some egg-laying (monotremes)

- Nurse young by producing milk through mammary glands

Extinct genus of early horse, the first of the three-toed horses. Lived 30 to 40 million years ago, from the middle Eocene to the early Oligocene. Common in North America. Was four feet long, stood 60 cm tall, was about 75 pounds, and had a brain that was almost the same size as modern horses.

an extinct species or subspecies of archaic humans who lived in Eurasia until about 40,000 years ago

a genus of trees and shrubs commonly known as maples

Flowering Plants (Division Anthophyta)

a genus of extinct arborescent horsetails to which the modern horsetails are closely related. Unlike their herbaceous modern cousins, these plants were medium-sized trees, growing to heights of 30-50 meters. They were components of the understories of coal swamps of the Carboniferous Period

Horsetails (Division Sphenophyta); form leaf genus: Annularia

the largest and best-known genus of the extinct Permian order of seed plants known as Glossopteridales.

Seed ferns (Division Pteridospermatophyta)

Fossilized wood that is protected from oxygen and organisms decay by being buried in sediment

Soft, white, porous limestone

Limestone containing fossils

Sedimentary rock made of sand-sized grains

an extinct genus of sponges that existed from the Upper Devonian through the end of the Pennsylvanian

Phylum Porifera

Bryozoan genus with branching growth form

Bryozoan genus with massive growth form

It existed from the Ordovician to Permian period

Kingdom Animalia, graptolites

benthic graptolites

a genus of colonial rugose coral. Fossils are found in rock formations dating to the Devonian period, about 350 million years ago

-stony corals

-most abundant and important sessile cnidarians

-paleozoic corals were mostly solitary

-today: both solitary and colonial

-grow in tropical/semi-tropical conditions

Stony coral genus

Kingdom Animalia, jointed-legged animals

horseshoe crabs, spiders, scorpions

Extinct aquatic arthropods, eurypterids

Eurypterid genus lived during the Silurian period, from around 432 to 418 million years ago.

Insects

Trilobites, extinct arthropods

Polymerid trilobite genus

a genus of extinct trinucleid trilobites that lived during the Ordovician period. They were mostly blind. They are found in the United States, Canada, Venezuela, the United Kingdom, France, the Czech Republic, Morocco and Turkey

Polymerid trilobite genus

a genus of trilobite belonging to Ptychopariacea known from the mid-Cambrian of Laurentia.

Polymerid trilobite genus

a genus of asaphid trilobites from the middle and upper Ordovician period, fairly common in the Northeastern United States, northwest Manitoba, southwestern Quebec and southeastern Ontario.

Polymerid trilobite genus

a genus of trilobites known from the late Middle and earliest Upper Devonian of Morocco and the USA

Trilobite order, extinct

Kingdom Animalia, lamp shells

Brachiopods with no hinge

Inarticulate brachiopod genus

Articulate brachiopod genus

a genus of brachiopod with shells round to short egg-shaped, covered with many fine radial ridges, that split further out and growth lines perpendicular to the costae and 2-3 times wider spaced

Articulate brachiopod genus

an extinct genus of brachiopod that existed from the Carboniferous to the Permian

Articulate brachiopod genus

an extinct genus of mid-sized brachiopod that existed from the Dariwilian epoch to the Emsian epoch, though some specimens have been found in strata as late in age as the Tournasian epoch

Articulate brachiopod genus

an extinct genus of brachiopods that lived from the Ordovician to the Silurian in Asia, Europe, North America, and South America. It has a prominent sulcus and fold. It usually lived in marine lime mud and sands.

Kingdom Animalia, mollusks

clams, oysters, mussels, scallops

a genus of extinct oysters which range from the Triassic period to the middle Paleogene period, but are mostly restricted to the Triassic and Jurassic.

Bivalve genus of saltwater clams

Bivalve mollusk genus

Bivalve genus of very small saltwater clams

squids, octopuses, nautiluses, cuttlefish

Extinct cephalopods, goniatites

Extinct cephalopods, ceratites

an extinct genus of heteromorph ammonite cephalopods with almost straight shells. The genus lived worldwide throughout most of the Late Cretaceous, and briefly survived the K-Pg mass extinction event

Extinct cephalopods, belemnites

a genus of belemnite from the Late Cretaceous of Europe and North America. -a squidlike animal, probably related to the ancestors of modern squids and cuttlefish.

The Chambered Nautilus

a genus of predatory sea snails, or cone snails, marine gastropod mollusk

a genus of medium-sized to large sea snails or cowries, marine gastropod mollusks (Cowrie snail)

a genus of extinct Paleozoic sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. This genus is known from the Silurian to the Middle Triassic periods and especially abundant in the Devonian and Carboniferous

a genus of medium-sized sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks. They have tightly coiled shells, whose overall shape is basically that of an elongated cone

a genus of fossil sea snails, an extinct marine gastropod genus found in the fossil record. This genus is primarily found in rocks formed during the Devonian to Triassic periods from the central areas of North America.

Kingdom Animalia, echinoderms

starfish and sea stars

Extinct echinoderms, blastoids