AP Social Psychology

Focuses on development and expression of attitudes, attributions, how we are influenced and how we influence, and how we interact.

The tendency for any individual of a group to put in less effort as a result of being in a large group.

Discusses attitudes formation and attribution theory

An attitude is a set of beliefs and feelings.

Are attitudes about what members of different groups are like

is an undeserved, negative, attitude toward a group of people

is treating categories of people of race, age, sex, gender, or ability differently.

The belief that one’s culture is superior to others.

based on the idea that people are motivated to have consistent attitudes and behaviors.

trues to explain how people determine the cause of what they observe

internal, referring to one’s personality or set of skills, talents, innate ability, or IQ

beyond the person’s immediate control

When looking at the behavior of others, people tend to overestimate the importance of dispositional factors and underestimate situational factors

refers to how similarly the individual acts over time.

refers to how similar some situation is to other situations in which you’ve seen somebody act

general agreement

the tendency for people to overestimate the number of people who agree with them

tendency to attribute our success to personal/internal factors, bur attribute our failures to situational/external factors.

The belief that good things happen to good people, and bad things happen to bad people

Even if you’ve only seen something once, you’re more likely to have a positive attitude towards it over something that you’ve never encountered before.

focuses on details, statistics, and facts about the object or service to persuade an audience

is using tactics other than the facts or logical arguments to persuade an audience

if you get people to agree to a small request, they are more likely to agree to a larger, follow up request.

if you want something, ask for something really big before asking for what you really want.

the idea that if you do something nice for someone else, they’ll do something nice in retuen

they randomly assigned five children to “sputer/bloomer” group, but told teachers these students were selected based in test performance that indicated future success.

the children who were expected to “spurt” made larger improvements than the others

is the phenomenon whereby others’ expectations of a person affect that person’s performance. Opposite of this effect is called the Golem effect.

if it’s an easy task, a person will perform better in front of an audience

when the task being observed is a difficult task, being watched by many people, performance decreases

when the aggressive act is intended to secure a particular end

has no clear purpose, like some acts of vandalism

holds that the feeling of frustration makes aggression more likely

if hostile groups are made to work together to accomplish a goal, then animosity sill be reduced between the two groups.

are acts which help other people

the larger the number of people who witness an emergency situation, the less likely anyone is to intervene.

the larger the group of people who witness a problem, the less responsible any one individual feels that they are for helping

People tend to assume that someone else will take action so they need not do it themselves

is when one shares a piece of personal information with another.

are rules about how group members should act. being a lawyer at an established law firm means going into work well-dressed, prepared, etc.

are the actions we carry out in a group. the corporate lawyer takes on legal cases dealing with business arrangements/disagreements

who you perceive as within your own circle. people view the members of their own group as more diverse than people of the out-group. there is also a preference for member’s of your in group.

everyone outside your group

Viewing the out group as all the same

is when one shares a piece of personal information

measured the willingness of participants, men from a diverse range of occupations with varying levels of education, to obey an authority figure who instructed them to perform acts conflicting with their personal conscience.

is the tendency of a group to make more extreme decisions that individual group members would not make on their own.