AP HUG Barrons unit 4-political

boundary line established before area is populated

political process where a state is broken up to smaller countries

country sandwiched between two larger powers

-help prevent dangerous conflicts between powerful countries.

forces that divide a country

ie: diff religions, languages

forces that unite or bind a country together

ie: shared language

expansio of an empire esp to extract resources

• give more freedom

confederacy of independent states of former soviet union

• united—> common economic and administrative needs

A state where distance from center to any boundary does not vary significantly

• circular

int'l organization that brings several autonomous states together for a common purpose

idea :"political destabilization in one country can lead to political collapse in neighboring countries"

geographic separation between:

• Western Europe and the Americas- largely democratic and free-market countries

• Eastern Europe and Asia- communist and socialist countries

number of electors from each state proportional to that state's population

--each elector chooses a candidate

• candidate w/ higher proportion # electoral votes within a state receives all the electoral votes for that state

decision of a state elector that represents dominant views on that elector's state.

A state that's long and narrow in shape.

smaller homogeneous group or region surrounded by larger and different group or region

Int'l organization of European countries, promotes free trade

bounded territory that is part of a particular state but is separated from it by the territory of a different state.

gov't system where power is distributed among territories rather than centralized

A state that includes several discontinuous pieces of territory. Ex) Philippines

An area where borders are constantly shifting and weak, and where different countries lay claim to the land

Political boundaries that are defined and delimited by straight lines.

the study of the interplay between political relations and the territorial context where they occur

The designation of voting districts to favor a particular political party/candidate

MacKinder's hypothesis “any political power based in heart of Eurasia could gain enough strength to dominate world”

The perpetuation of a colonial empire even after it is no longer politically sovereign

an alliance of two or more countries seeking cooperation with each other without giving up autonomy or self-determination

state completely surrounded other states

• disadvantage of accessibility to and from international trade routes/ocean

Law establishing states’ rights and responsibilities concerning the ownership and use of the seas and oceans and their resources.

Hitler's expansionist theory based on a drive to acquire "living space" for the German people.

A state or territory that is small in both size and population.

tightly knit group of people sharing a common language, ethnicity, religion, and other cultural attributes.

Pride in one's own nation to the point where you hold it above others

a country whose population = relatively culturally homogenous and unity

A trade agreement in North America that encourages free trade between these North American countries. Opened up borders. (Abbreviation)

an international organization, joined for military purposes

The economic division between the wealthy countries of Europe and North America, Australia and Japan VS poorer Asia Africa and Latin America countries

the view that states resemble biological organisms with life cycles that include stages of youth, maturity, and old age

int'l econ organization whose members produce and export oil

A state whose territory completely surrounds that of another state. Ex) South Africa

Political Boundaries that correspond with physical features such as mountains or rivers.

The spatial analysis of political phenomena and processes.

The tally of the vote of the individuals in an area

narrow, elongated land extension, leading away from the main territory. Ex Thailand

the process of reallocation of electoral seats in territories

A state that is rectangular in shape. Ex) Hungary

drawing of a new electoral district boundary lines in response to population changes.

old political boundaries that no longer exist but that have enduring mark on the local cultural or environmental geography

Spykman's theory that the domination of the coastal fringes of Eurasia would provided the base for world conquest.

the right of a nation to govern itself autonomously

Supreme or independent political power

a politically organized body of people under a single government. Recognized by int'l community

Rights and powers believed to be those of the state's, rather than the feds

established after area has been settled

• considers the social and cultural characteristics of the area

boundary line drawn in an area ignoring the existing cultural pattern

organization of 3 or more states to promote shared activities. Ex) NAFTA

A dispute over land ownership

political organization that distributes power in smaller subsections of state

ie: counties, cities

A state whose government is either believed to be divinely guided or a state under control of a group of religious leaders

A state governed as a unit, without internal divisions

A global supranational organization established at the end of WWII, to foster int'l security and cooperation

advocating for return of territory to country it formerly belonged to

• one country annexes another because it has cultural ties to the population

region of persistent political fragmentation due to devolution and centrifugal forces

• region caught btwn arge external powers who are fighting

area that has to be passed to reach new destination

• Strait of Malacca (Singapore)

protecting domestic trade from international competition

conflicts over interpretation of documentes defining a boundary or way it’s shown on ground

conflict between states/regions over ownership of area

• each area feels as if it’s their own (ie: due to same culture)

conflict over national policies applied at border

conflict over use of resources created/complicated by boundary

using economic/politcal influence by MDC to inde=irectly control LDC

• Wallerstein’s world system theory (exploitation of LDCs)

cultures in one area that have conflict with each other