Studied by 8 peoplelondon forces
occur at random intervals, more electrons increases the strength/likelihood, weakest intermolecular force
hydrogen bond
occurs when hydrogen bonds to nitrogen, fluorine, or oxygen. strongest intermolecular force
dipole-dipole forces
when the negative end of a polar molecule is attracted to the opposite charge of another molecule
polarizability
the likelihood of an atom creating a dipole. Atoms with tightly held electrons exhibit this at a higher factor
cohesive forces
the attraction a liquid has between an identical liquid molecule
adhesive forces
the attraction a liquid has to a flat surface
surfactants
chemicals that decrease cohesive forces; found in dishwasher detergents
viscosity
the resistance a liquid has to flow
escape energy
the min kinetic energy required for a molecule to become a gas
vapor pressure
when a liquid in a closed container and the pressure of the gas is measure
heat of vaporization
energy needed to convert 1 gram liquid to 1 gram gas
interstitial alloy
when a small atom fills the spaces between larger metal atoms
substitutional alloy
when an atom of similar size replaces metal atoms
lattice energy
energy required to break lattice bonds
amorphous
materials that don’t form crystals
supercooling
when a liquid remains in the liquid state despite being below the melting point
if cohesive forces are stronger than the adhesive forces, than the liquid will ____
bead
if adhesive forces are stronger than the cohesive forces, then the liquid will ____
spread uniformly
ionic crystals
between a cation and anion, high lattice energy, high melting/boiling point
molecular crystals
composed of nonmetals or covalent molecules, held together by london forces or other intermolecular forces, low melting/boiling point
network covalent crystals
extremely strong, lattice structure, covalently bonded, diamond and quartz
Note
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