Studied by 5 peopleTags & Description
Yalta Conference
1945
Potsdam Conference
1945
Tehran Conference
1943
The Long Telegram
Report to Truman. It said that the SU saw capitalism as a threat.
Novikovs Telegram
Report to the USA. It said that the USA was preparing its people for war and that they wanted world domination.
Soviet Expansion in Europe
Many countries became communist under the SU rule.
Truman Doctrine
All about preventing the spread of communism because people couldn't be free. The USA prepared economically and militarily to stop this from happening.
The Marshall Plan
$13 billion was given from the USA to help rebuild Europe. However the USA wanted all countries to trade with them. The SU saw this a threat because it seemed as if they were trying to overthrow communism. WHICH THEY WERE.
Cominform
Set up by Stalin. Got rid of any oppositions to the satellite states
Comecon
Alternative to the Marshall Plan. Prevented countries signing up to the Marshall Plan, because it was trying to overthrow communism.
NATO
It was a military alliance that was based around collective security. If one of the countries got attacked all of the other countries would jump in.
West Germany
FRG
East Germany
GDR
Warsaw Pact
Collective defence treaty involving all the Eastern Europe countries.
Destalinisation
SU no longer saw its self as a dictatorship. It was a one party state.
Reactions to Destalinisation
Hungarians thought it would be the end of communism
Soviet Invasion of Hungary
Khrushchev sent 200,000 troops into Hungary to depose Nagy and restore order because of his reforms.
Consequences of the Hungarian Invasion
→Nagy was arrested →Nagy's government was deposed →Hungary got a new leader, Janos Kadar
Geneva Summit ( Eisenhower & Khrushchev )
1959-no solution for Khrushchev's ultimatum
Camp David ( Eisenhower & Khrushchev )
1959-no solution for Khrushchev's ultimatum
Paris Summit ( Eisenhower & Khrushchev )
1960-Khrushchev stormed out because the SU shot down a US spy plane.
Vienna Conference ( Kennedy & Khrushchev )
1961-Khrushchev saw Kennedy's inexperience as a weakness. Kennedy prepared for war.
Khrushchev's Berlin Ultimatum
1958-Stated that all Berlin belonged to East Germany and that all troops MUST LEAVE within 6 months.
Why did Khrushchev order his ultimatum?
He knew that if he tried to put the West out of Berlin by force it would cause a nuclear war that the SU would lose.
Why did the SU and USA have so many summits ?
To avoid war
Bay of Pigs
The USA trained up Cuban exiles and disguised US planes in hope to overthrow Castro.
The Cuban Revolution
The USA refused to work with the new Cuban government as they were socialist. Cuba started to build economic links with the SU. America didn't like this. Resulted to the Bay Of Pigs
Prague Spring
1968
Dubcek's Reforms
Freedom to →write things →say things The economic introduced some capitalist elements.
Construction of the Berlin Wall
This was done to get rid of the refugee problem. It was to stop East Berliners from going over to West Berlin. This effected East Berlin.
The Long Telegram
1946
Novikov's Telegram
1946
Soviet Expansion
1945→48
Truman Doctrine
1947
The Marshall Plan
1947
Cominform
1947
Comecon
1949
NATO
1949
Warsaw Pact
1955
Soviet Invasion of Hungary
1956
Bay of Pigs
1961
Cuban Missile Crisis
The SU had no missiles near to the USA. They hid their missiles in Cuba and they were spotted by the US. When they found out, they were threatened.
Cuban Missile Crisis
1962
Soviet invasion of Hungary
4 November 1956
Brezhnev Doctrine
1968
Brezhnev's response to Dubček's reforms
• Tanks sent to Prague • Dubček was arrested • Czechoslovakia under SU rule
Limited Test Ban Treaty
1963
Consequence of Cuban Missile Crisis
• Detente propsed by USA
Outer Space Treaty
1967
SALT I
Superpowers promised to have a limited number of nuclear weapons
SALT I
1972
SALT II
1979
SALT II
Never ratified
Helsinki
1975
What is the Helsinki agreements?
Agreed on • borders • security issues • cooperation • human rights
What helped the USA & USSR's relationship?
Helsinki agreements
Ronald Reagan
Became the US president in 1981
Evil Empire
1983
Evil Empire Speech
Described the SU as an evil empire. This made relationships deteriate again
Mikhail Gorbachev
1985 leader of SU
Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan
1979
Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan
When the president Taraki was assassinated. Amin took over and the SU felt that their influence over them was being threatened.
Olympic Games Boycotted
USA boycotted the 1980 Olympics in Moscow
Carter Doctrine
1980
Second Cold War
1979-1984
SDI (Strategic Defense Initiative)
1983
Fall of the Berlin Wall
1989
What United Berlin & Germany
The fall of the berlin wall
Why did the SU lose the Cold War ?
• economy • propaganda • afgan war • freedom • arms race
Perestroika
Meant a new way of doing things
Glasnost
It meant that people that the freedom to say what they really thought.
Effects of perestroika & glasnost
Economy started preforming badly
Fall of the Soviet Union
1991
significance of the fall of the Soviet Union
• cold war came to an end for the Soviet Union • soviet union became a commonwealth
Note
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