Biology paper 1

They let us see things that we can't see with the naked eye

A microscope that uses a series of glass lenses and visible light to magnify an image. This microscope magnifies images up to 1

A microscope that uses magnets to aim a beam of electrons at a cell to produce an image. This microscope magnifies images up to 500

Magnification = image size / real size

Cells without a nucleus

cells with a nucleus

Cell division that generates new cells for growth and repair. The division of one cell into two genetically identical daughter cells

Chromosomes are long strands of dna

living things that are composed of cells

consists of all organs from mouth to the anus involved in the ingestion and breakdown or processing of food.

Proteins that speed up chemical reactions

Amylase is an enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of starch into sugar

mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus

Benedict's test

Iodine solution

Biuret test

diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

movement of molecules into or out of a cell against a concentration gradient

The circulatory system is an organ system that consists of the heart

right atrium

It controls the heart

Main organs of the respiratory system

arteries, veins, capillaries

Oxygen

blood components that contribute to the blood-clotting process

liquid portion of blood

Diseases that can be spread from person to person or between animals and people. They can be caused by pathogens and can be described as contagious or infectious. Examples include measles and malaria

diseases that cannot spread and generally last for a long time getting worse slowly

uncontrolled cell growth

Small openings that allow carbon dioxide enters the leaf

microscopic single-celled organisms that have the capability of reproducing on their own without a host. Typically respond to antibiotics

obligate intracellular parasites

single celled eukaryotes

Eukaryotes

microorganisms that cause disease

The vaccine inserts dead or weakened pathogen to produce a primary immune response

They block the growth and reproduction of bacteria

Carbon dioxide + water ——-> glucose + oxygen Light

water, light, carbon dioxide

Membrane-bound organelles where photosynthesis takes place in plants

Respiration with oxygen

respiration without oxygen

the three-carbon waste product of lactic acid fermentation that causes a burning feeling in muscles during exercise