IB SL Physics Semester Two

three components of a circuit

a battery or outlet is a

a wire is a

a resistor is a

for a SERIES circuit:

total VOLTAGE = voltage 1 _ voltage 2 _ …

for a SERIES circuit:

total CURRENT = current 1 _ current 2 _ …

for a SERIES circuit:

total RESISTANCE = resistance 1 _ resistance 2 _ …

for a PARALLEL circuit:

total VOLTAGE = voltage 1 _ voltage 2 _ …

for a PARALLEL circuit:

total CURRENT = voltage 1 _ voltage 2 _ …

in circuits, which equation uses reciprocals?

for a PARALLEL circuit:

1/ total RESISTANCE = 1/ resistance 1 _ 1 / resistance 2 _ …

equation for voltage

equation for power

absence of elections = positive (+), surplus of electrons = negative (-), or neutral (0); tends to cancel

charge of protons

charge of electrons

neutrons

four ways to charge:

1) charge by __________

2) charge by _________

3) ____________

4) _______________

when one objects takes the charge of another (touching, movement)

when one negatively charged object transfer half of its electrons to another (touching)

when placing a negatively charged object next to another forces the electrons to repel from the object (no touching)

when placing a negatively charged object next to another forces the electrons to repel from the object (no touching), then grounding the negative charge to capture it

in the F = Kq*q/(r²) equation, positive forces [attract/repel] and negative forces [attract/repel]

an area in space where an object could potentially experience a force

the three types of field

electrical “pressure”

electric potential is also called

potential difference is also called

electromagnetic force is also called

voltage is measured in

ability to inhibit electrical flow

resistance is measured in

electrical “flow”

current is measured in

energy per unit charge

electricity is measured in

energy per unit time

electric power is measured in

4 factors that influence resistance

every material has its own _______(p)

higher temperature = ________ resistance

more length = ______ resistance

higher cross sectional area (CSA) = _________ resistance

batteries in a series [increases/decreases] voltage

multiple batteries in a ________ circuit have an increased lifetime (replace less often)

multiple batteries in a _______ circuit have an increased voltage

resistance within an object which is NOT a resistor, such as wire, battery, ammeter, voltmeter

ideal internal resistance for a wire

ideal internal resistance for a battery

ideal internal resistance for a ammeter

ideal internal resistance for a voltmeter

in a regular conductor there is ___ net motion, but with voltage ________ is fast

in a regular conductor there is ___ net motion, but with voltage ________ move slow

magnetic field lines go from ______ to _____

magnetic fields occur when a materials magnetic ________ are aligned

right hand rule #1

right hand rule #1 says the fingers are _____

right hand rule #1 says the palm is _____

right hand rule #1 says the thumb is _____

right hand is [+/-], left hand is [+/-]

right hand rule #2

right hand rule #2 says the fingers are _____

right hand rule #2 says the thumb is _____

circular motion at a constant speed

in uniform circular motion, speed is constant while angular _________ and angular _______________ are constantly changing

time taken for the object to complete one full circle

the corresponding force (resultant force) which causes the centripetal acceleration

work done by the centripetal force

points towards the center of the circle/perpendicular to the instantaneous velocity

the acceleration which gives rise to a circular motion

what are the six quarks

subatomic particle which makes up protons and neutrons, among others

what are the six leptons

category of subatomic particle which includes electron

what are the six force exchange particles

something made of THREE quarks

something made of quarks

quark composition of a neutron

quark composition of a proton

something with one quark and one antiquark

made of quarks and leptons, non-integer spin

make of force exchange particles and quarks, integer spin

all particles have associated _________ which possess the opposite ________ and ________

the ______, ________ number, ________ number, and _____________ must be conserved

The difference between the mass of an atom and its constituent parts’ mass

the amount of work required to separate the nucleons inside the nucleus

happens within unstable nuclei (are too big or the neutron/proton ratio is too large/small)

radioactivity is both _______ and _________

it [can/can’t] be predicted when a specific nucleus will decay

time it takes for half of a substance to decay

the same element with varying neutrons

the four types of radioactivity

this type of decay occurs with large nuclei >82 protons

for alpha decay, release an _______ __________ and change the _________

occurs when the neutron/proton ratio is too high

for beta- decay, the mass number stays the _______, the ________ number increases, and add an _______________

subatomic particle associated with beta- decay

for beta+ decay, the mass number stays the _______, the ________ number increases, and add an _______________

occurs when neutron/proton ratio is too low

subatomic particle associated with beta+ decay