unit 12: family life

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adoption ( n ) /əˈdɒp.ʃən/

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adoption ( n ) /əˈdɒp.ʃən/

sự nhận con nuôi

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alienated ( a ) /ˈeɪ.li.ə.neɪ.tɪd/ ex I was a really alienated, angry kid.

bị bệnh tâm thần

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amend ( v ) /əˈmend/

cải thiện,sửa lại cho tốt

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repair ( v )

sửa chữa

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impair ( v )

làm hư hỏng,suy yếu

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ancestry ( n ) /ˈæn.ses.tri/

dòng họ , tổ tông

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anthropology ( n ) /ˌæn.θrəˈpɒl.ə.dʒi/

nhân loại học

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anthropological ( n ) /ˌæn.θrə.pəˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/ ex the Anthropological Library

thuộc nhân loại học

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automatically ( adv ) /ˌɔː.təˈmæt.ɪ.kəl.i/ ex The camera adjusts the shutter speed automatically.

một cách tự động

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spontaneously ( adv ) /spɒnˈteɪ.ni.əs.li/ ex They gave him a mike, and he spontaneously interviewed everyone.

một cách tự ý ,tự phát

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ironically ( adv ) /aɪˈrɒn.ɪ.kəl.i/ ex Ironically, these technological tools that were supposed to liberate us have left us working longer hours than ever.

một cách trớ trêu,mỉa mai

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bound ( n ) /baʊnd/

biên giới

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celibacy ( n ) /ˈsel.ə.bə.si/ ex She chose celibacy after a pregnancy scare at 16.

việc không lập gia đình

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child-rearing ( a ) /ˈtʃaɪldˌrɪə.rɪŋ/ ex Why shouldn't a woman have a job after years of child-rearing?

nuôi con

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child-bearing ( a ) /ˈtʃaɪldˌbeə.rɪŋ/ ex How does childbearing affect women's incomes?

sinh con

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collaborate ( v ) /kəˈlæb.ə.reɪt/ ex Two writers collaborated on the script for the film.

cộng tác

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collaboration ( n ) /kəˌlæb.əˈreɪ.ʃən/ ex The new airport is a collaboration between two of the best architects in the country.

sự cộng tác

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collaborative ( a ) /kəˈlæb.ər.ə.tɪv/ ex The presentation was a collaborative effort by all the children in the class.

có tính cộng tác

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conjugal ( a ) /ˈkɒn.dʒə.ɡəl/ ex Some prisoners who want to start a family are to be permitted conjugal visits.

thuộc vợ chồng

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consaguinity ( n ) /ˌkɒn.sæŋˈɡwɪn.ə.ti/ ex Some states prohibit marriage where there is a degree of consanguinity.

quan hệ máu mủ

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contumacious ( a ) /ˌkɒn.tjʊˈmeɪ.ʃəs/ ex The court has the power to apply sanctions for contumacious conduct.

bướng bỉnh, nghang nghạnh

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cooperate ( v ) /kəʊˈɒp.ər.eɪt/

hợp tác

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cooperation ( n )

sự hợp tác

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cooperative ( a ) /kəʊˈɒp.ər.ə.tɪv/

có tính hợp tác

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dependant (n )

người phụ thuộc

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dependable ( a)

có thể tin cậy được

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disaffected ( a ) /ˌdɪs.əˈfek.tɪd/ ex The party needs to take steps to attract disaffected voters.

không bằng lòng,bất mãn

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embody ( v ) ex She embodied good sportsmanship on the playing field.

hiện thân của

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exogamy ( n ) /ɪkˈsɒɡ.ə.mi/ ex Urban life contributes directly to increased exogamy.

chế độ ngoại hôn

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financier ( n )

chuyên gia tài chính

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homemaker ( n )

người nội trợ

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illuminate ( v ) /ɪˈluː.mɪ.neɪt/ ex The streets were illuminated with strings of coloured lights.

soi sáng,tỏa sáng

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insertion ( n ) /ɪnˈsɜː.ʃən/ ex Scientists hope that the insertion of normal genes into the diseased cells will provide a cure.

sự thêm vào,sự lồng vào

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kinship ( n ) /ˈkɪn.ʃɪp/ ex Different ethnic groups have different systems of kinship.

mối quan hệ họ hàng

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laundry ( n ) /ˈlɔːn.dri/

( tiệm ) giặt ủi

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lineage ( n ) /ˈlɪn.i.ɪdʒ/ ex She's very proud of her ancient royal lineage.

dòng dõi

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mischievous ( a ) /ˈmɪs.tʃɪ.vəs/ ex She has a mischievous sense of humour.

nghịch ngợm

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nurture ( v ) /ˈnɜː.tʃər/ ex She wants to stay at home and nurture her children.

nuôi dưỡng

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obedient ( a ) /əˈbiː.di.ənt/ ex Students are expected to be quiet and obedient in the classroom.

biết nghe lời

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obedience ( n )

sự nghe lời

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offspring ( n ) /ˈɒf.sprɪŋ/ ex In the case of the guinea pig, the number of offspring varies between two and five.

con cái

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parenthood ( n ) /ˈpeə.rənt.hʊd/ ex The prospect of parenthood filled her with horror. Viễn cảnh làm cha mẹ khiến cô kinh hoàng.

bậc cha mẹ

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fatherhood ( n ) ex Fatherhood is a lifelong responsibility.

bậc làm cha

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motherhood ( n )

bậc làm mẹ

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parent in law

bố mẹ chồng

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permanence ( n ) /ˈpɜː.mə.nəns/ ex A loving family environment gives children that sense of stability and permanence which they need.

sự lâu dài

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perpetuation ( n )

sự làm cho bất diệt, kéo dài mãi mãi

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predominant ( a ) ex Dancers have a predominant role in this performance.

chiếm ưu thế, nổi bật

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prioritize ( v ) /praɪˈɒr.ɪ.taɪz/ ex You must learn to prioritize your work.

dành ưu tiên

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prior ( a ) /praɪər/ ex The course required no prior knowledge of Spanish.

trước,bề trên

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priority ( n ) /praɪˈɒr.ə.ti/

sự ưu thế ,ưu tiên

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response ( n ) /rɪˈspɒns/ ex I looked in her face for some response, but she just stared at me blankly.

sự trả lời

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respond ( v ) /rɪˈspɒnd/ ex To every question, he responded "I don't know."

trả lời

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responsive ( a ) /rɪˈspɒn.sɪv/

sẵn sàng đáp lại ,đáp ứng nhiệt tình,phản ứng nhanh

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security ( n ) /sɪˈkjʊə.rə.ti/

sự bảo vệ , sự an toàn

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secure ( a ) /sɪˈkjʊər/

bảo vệ, bảo đảm

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separate ( v ) /ˈsep.ər.ət/

chia ra , phân chia

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separation ( n )

sự phân chia

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sibling ( n ) ex I have four siblings: three brothers and a sister.

anh chị em ruột

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sociology ( n ) /ˌsəʊ.siˈɒl.ə.dʒi/ ex She has a degree in sociology and politics.

xã hội học

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uncomplimentary ( a ) /ʌnˌkɒm.plɪˈmen.tər.i/ ex She had some very uncomplimentary things to say about Stephen.

không khen ngợi

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variability ( n ) /ˌveə.ri.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/ ex I've spent 10 years researching how much genetic variability there is between populations.

tính biến động

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a blue-collar worker

lao động chân tay

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a white-collar worker

nhân viên văn phòng

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a chip off the old block

rất giống với cha /mẹ mình

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be disappointed with

thất vọng với

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put sb in charge of

giao phó cho ai

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be in the family way

có thai

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be independent of

độc lập/tự chủ với

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be on business

đi công tác

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be satisfied/contented with

hài lòng với

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domestic violence

bạo lực gia đình

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drop out of

bỏ, rút khỏi

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earn/make money

kiếm tiền

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flesh and blood

máu mủ ruột thịt

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get into troubles=be in hot water= be ( caught ) between a rock and a hard place :

gặp rắc rối ở trong tình thế khó khăn

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heavy lifting

việc nặng nhọc

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in response to

đáp lại, hưởng ứng

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interact with

kết nối, giao tiếp, tương tác với

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put st on sb

đổ hết/dồn hết lên cái gì ai

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run in the family

là đặc điểm lưu truyền trong gia đình

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set a good example for sb

làm gương cho ai

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follow one's example

theo gương ai

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sort out

phân loại

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take out

nhổ ra, rút ra, đổ (rác )

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pull out

kéo ra, lôi ra khỏi ga

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bring out

làm nổi bật,sản xuất để bán

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take turns in doing st

thay phiên nhau làm gì

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the black sheep of the family

phá gia tri tử/nghịch tử

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tidy up

dọn gọn gàng

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mess up

làm cho lộn xộn

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assume ( v )

/əˈsjuːm/

exI assumed (that) you knew each other because you went to the same school.

cho rằng,đoán là

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conform ( v)

/kənˈfɔːm/

ex At our school, you were required to conform, and there was no place for originality.

thích nghi

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matrilineal ( a )

mẫu hệ

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reckon ( v )

cho là

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patrilineal

phụ hệ

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comprise ( v )

bao gồm, gồm có

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derive ( v)

/dɪˈraɪ/

có được,nhờ có

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clarify ( v )

/ˈklær.ɪ.faɪ/

làm cho sáng sủa dễ hiểu

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