History chapters 1-4

a sudden change for better or worse

worshipping more than one God

a complex culture which large number of people share common elements such as religion, social structure and arts

A state with political and economic control over the surrounding countryside

A set of 282 laws that are inscribed on stone tablets by the Babylonion king Hammurabi based off strict justice.

a large politcal unit or state usually under one single leader that controls many people or territories

wedge shaped system of writing developed by the Samaritans using a reed stylist to create wedge shaped impressions on clay tablets.

ruled by many, governed by the people or by selected representatives.

Intense democracy. No leaders at all. everyone has equal footing

The rule of few, form of government in which a select group of people rule the government

King or Queen

Ruler is put in place by GOD

ruled by one

Majority rules

• Spread across the Mediterranean and other establish colonies.

• Conquered prime port location which increased trade and industry; made them wealthy

• First city states had a Tyrant. After the tyrant two rivial city states arose, Sparta and Athens

• Ionians revolt against Persia - Persian War

• Athens was in rule of the Delian league

• Sparta didn’t like how Athens ran it so they went against Athens in the Peloponnesian War.

transformed society with its expansion of the Greek language and ideas across the world to Southwest Asia and beyond. It brought accomplishments in science and philosophy. developed a stronger military and advanced culturally.

study of the old stuff humans made; artifacts, building

the study of human development, their biology and the evolution. (apes to human)

rain for 40 days and 40 nights

one true God

Dove/ raven

cut down trees

Flood

animals on the ark

promise from God

getting rid of evil people

build an ark

wind blew 6 days and 6 nights

many different Gods

Cut down houses

swallow raven

• Near the indus River

• Mohenjo-Daro (“Hill of the Dead”)

• Harappa ( civilization in the Indus Valley) - was very planned, citadels, and dentistry

• Sanskrit language

• Agricultural Revolution

• Huang Ye ( Yellow River)

• Chang Jiang ( Yangtze River)

• Sealed off by Mountains

• Defeated evil King Jia

• 1st historic dynasty

• Oracle bones (evidence)

• Established dynasty that had a class structure

• Durable and hereditary

• Lady Fu Hao ( Queen and military leader)

Overthrew emperor shang

Longest Chinese dynasty

Mandate of Heaven to choose emperor

family and farming

filial Piety (extreme respect for family)

• By the Nile River it flows north, population is 95%, offers protection.

• Created papyrus and unification (united upper and lower Egypt)

• Religious - polytheistic, protection, ra - creator god, orisis - god of the Dead

• social structure- pharaohs and priest/ nobles, then merchants and farmers and peasants

• Dynasty- family of rules whose right to rule is passed down within the family

• Mummies - presevation

• West vs East

• Hieroglyphic- Preist cravings

• Phoenicians - alphabet

• Pastoral Nomads - roaming, regular trade routes, overran people

• Isrealites - identity of self

nickname is the Achaemenid Empire

Cyrus the “Great” is the king

Rule by Mercy

Satrapies ( a governor of an ancient Persian province )

Tigris river

Organized comm. posts

Conquering > ruling

Military

Rule by Terror

Guardian of culture