DRQ Review Section 3

Carbonate rocks such as sediment, oceans, and atmosphere

Living components of an ecosystem

ex. plants, animals, fungus, algae

Nonliving components of an ecosystem

ex. water, soil, minerals, air, light

Organisms that make their own food

ex. fungus, algae

Photosynthetic life

ex. plants

Producers→ primary consumers (first order consumer)→ secondary consumer (second order consumer) → tertiary consumer (third order consumer)

10% of the usable energy is transferred to the next trophic level. Reason: Usable energy lost as heat (2nd law), not all biomass is digested & absorbed, predators expend energy to catch prey (heat and waste)

Development of communities in a lifeless area not previously inhabited by life and no soil present (ex. receding glaciers, oceanic lava)

Life progresses where soil remains

(ex. forest fire, old farmland)

Symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit

Symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is unaffected

Relationship in which one organism (the parasite) obtains nutrients to the expense of the host.

the number of individuals that can be sustained in an area

Reproductive strategy in which organisms reproduce early, bear many small, unprotected offspring

(ex. insects, frogs, crocodiles)

Reproductive strategy in which organisms reproduce late, bear few, cared for offspring

(ex. humans, elephants, lions)

Organisms that possess favorable adaptions pass the onto the next generation

“Human population cannot continue to increase. Consequences will be war, famine, and pestilence (disease)” An economist who hypothesized the potential limiting factors of the human species