Tags & Description
Clean Air Act
_____ est. in 1970 - regulates air emissions from area, stationary and mobile sources.
NEPA National Environmental Policy Act
________-- 1969- requires Federal agencies to integrate environmental values into their decision making processes.
TSCA Toxic substance control ACT
________- 1976- Authorized EPR to track the 80, 000 industrial chemicals currently produced in or imported into U.S.
Precautionary Principle
________ States preventative measures should be taken when any activity threatens the enviroment or Public health, even when a cause and effect relationship is not fully established.
Compare and contrast the environmental policies of the US and China.
________ in the US environmental regulations are based on federal laws. Versus China the state council shapes legislative priorities.
FIFRA Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act
________-- controls the sale /use of pesticides.
CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act
________-provided a "superfund "to clear up uncontrolled abandoned hazardous wastes, spills or emergency releases of pollutants.
ASSESSMENT POLICY
________- Government to assess the effectiveness of the policy.
POLICY ESTABLISHMENT
________- Decision markers formally adopt the policy.
Occupational Safety & Health Act
________- 1970- to ensure worker+ workplace safety.
POLICY IMPLEMENTATION
________- Government Agency puts policy in action. (Regulation)
Safe Drinking Water Act
________- 1974 protects the quality of drinking water from surface or groundwater sources.
5 Phases of the policy cycle.
Policy definition 2. Agenda setting 3. Policy establishment 4. Policy Implementation 5. Assessment Policy
Agenda Setting
Set priorities, the timeframe, and who will deal with the environmental problem. The community and stakeholders need to be involved.
Endangered Species Act
_____ est. in 1973 - To protect and recover imperiled species and the ecosystems upon which they would depend.
Clean Water Act
Est. In 1977 - regulates discharges of water pollutants to the environment.
RCRA - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
EPA Controls hazardous waste from the cradle to the grave.
Environmental Policy
Statement of intentions by a government or private organization as to its intentions towards environmental performance.
Endocrine disruptors
May mimic hormones or interfere with a hormone system.
Holistic approach
Input from scientific, economic, cultural and political dimensions.
4 Principles of environmental policy development
The precautionary principle 2. Environmental justice 3. Environmental sustainability 4. The polluter - pays principal
Environmental sustainability
Adheres to the philosophical viewpoint “that a strong, just, and wealthy society can be consistent with a clean environment, healthy ecosystems and a beautiful planet “
Environmental justice
Denotes the equal treatment of all people in society irrespective of their racial background, country or origin and social economic status.
Polluter pays principal
Means that the polluter should bear the expenses of carrying out the pollution prevention and control measures to ensure that the environment is in an acceptable state.
Results of Chinese environmental policy
Excessively high cost of resources and the environment. 99% of air would be considered unsafe in Europe. 400,000 premature deaths per year and 75 million asthma attacks in China are linked to air pollution. Some days 25% of particulate matter in the air over LA can be traced to China.