Digital Society 3.3 - Computing Devices

- A machine or device

- that processes data, performs calc, conduct operations based on on algorithms provided by software and hardware

- can input data, process it, store it and produce output

- A combination of hardware and software

- designed to perform a specific task

- and incorporated into an electronic or mechanical system

A general purpose computer designed for individual use

The number of transistors in a dense integrated circuit doubles every two years

A large computer

- used by businesses to host databases

- servers used for transaction and business applications

- require high level security measures

A large computer

- dedicated to managing network resources

- can use specialized hardware

- can be regular computer with a server operating OS capable of managing network resources

The part of a computer that carries out and controls the computer's instructions

A circuit board that allows data to travel to the different components in a computer

The small amount of memory built into the CPU that stores data while it is being processed

Short-term memory where data is stored temporarily while it is being processed or viewed on screen

- non-volatile

- long-term memory

- used to store programs and data until they are required

Software that manages the hardware, software and memory of a computer as well as providing a user interface

The means by which human users interact with a digital technology.

- the intent is to make the user's experience straight forward, intuitive, and requiring minimum effort to achieve the desired outcome

Software designed to perform specific useful tasks that either help to analyse, configure or maintain the computer

Software that serves a specific a specific purpose, such as a word processor or video editor

Software designed to steal data or damage computers/IT systems

- free of charge and free of copyright

- allows the source code to be modified often by an open-source community

- however, there is no guarantee that the software will be bug free or support readily available

- often downloaded after paying for a license or subscription

- in return for payment, users can expect updates and help from the company

- is copyrighted which denies users access to the source code (so can't be modified) and restricts the sharing of the software

- sometimes called object code

- is written in binary or hexadecimal instructions that computer can respond to directly

- each type of computer has its own machine language

Used by programmers to write code for special hardware or so that a task can be performed very quickly

The technology that uses quantum mechanics to create powerful quantum hardware which can solve complex problems faster than existing supercomputers

Basic unit of quantum information

Smart gloves, smart cap, diabetic socks, smart yoga pants

Machine code and assembly language

C++, Delphi, Java, Pascal, Python, Visual basic

- directly understood by the computer

- easier to modify

- allow programmers to control each step in the execution of a program

- faster in speed (execution takes less time)

- all operation codes have to be remembered

- very complex and difficult to understand

- dependent on the computer/machine

- easy to learn, programmer friendly

- independent of the machine on which it is used

- user-friendly interface

- easy to debug

- has to be translated into machine language

- slower than low-level lang (require additional runtime interpretation or compilation)

- use more memory than low-level lang

- difficult to develop programs that require low-level access to hardware

Antivirus (McAfee), File management tool, compression tool, disk defragmenter

Graphical software, educational software, multimedia and streaming, word processing software, web browser

The science and technology of transmitting and understanding information through touch

- use keyboard, mouse, i/o devices

- easy for new and experienced users

- uses more resources than CLI

- has elements like buttons and menus

- less eye strain (more colours and windows)

- consumes a lot of memory and disk space

- sometimes it's slow

- keyboard is mostly used

- mostly used by computer programmers or experts

- difficult to detect errors

- complex tasks can be done quickly

- performs fast

- difficult for new users

- have to remember all commands

- programmer has more control over system using CLI