Interwar Period

market completely crashes 30 billion lost

Massive sell off of stocks when prices were at an all-time low

A series of reforms enacted by the Franklin Roosevelt administration between 1933 and 1942 with the goal of ending the Great Depression.

Taxes on imported goods speculation the practice of making high-risk investments with borrowed money in hopes of getting a big return

A condition in which production of goods exceeds the demand for them

buying stocks without putting up the full value of the purchase

A consumers buys products by promising to pay small, regular amounts over a period of time credit the ability of a customer to obtain goods or services before payment, based on the trust that payment will be made in the future.

advertising that is misleading in some important way

A tax on imported goods that raises the price of imports so people will buy domestic goods

Hoovers belief that people should help fix the problems of the depression Rugged Individualism Herbert Hoover's belief that people must be self-reliant and not depend upon the federal government for assistance.

One of Herbert Hoover's earliest efforts to protect the nation's farmers following the onset of the Great Depression.

raised rates to an all-time high.

Depression shantytowns, named after the president, whom many blamed for their financial distress

separated commercial banks from investment banks

the government agency that insures customer deposits if a bank fails

Regulated stock market Farmers Relief Act paid farmers in order for farmers to decrease production

Gave farmers money to reduce crop size to reduce production and bring up the value of crops

permitted all workers to join unions of their choice, allowed workers to bargain collectively for wage increases and benefits, allowed workers to go on strike to try to force employers to meet their demands

Enforced codes that regulated wages, prices, and working conditions

enforces procedures whereby employees may vote to have a union and for collective bargaining

act which provided for a minimum wage and restricted shipments of goods produced with child labor

New Deal agency that provided millions of jobs constructing public buildings

New Deal agency that helped create jobs for those that needed them. It created around 9 million jobs working on bridges, roads, and buildings.

relieved household unemployment by creating new unskilled jobs

Temporary Relief Reform

civil war in Spain in which General Franco succeeded in overthrowing the republican government

FDR's foreign policy of promoting better relations w/Latin America by using economic influence rather than military force in the region

Law passed by Congress which allowed a nation at war to purchase goods and arms in the US as long as they paid cash and carried merchandise on their own ships.

50-billion-dollar loan to Great Britain

British and American statement of goals for fighting World War II

Conference of major powers to reduce Japanese imperialism

Britain, France, US, and Japan agree to Naval disarmament

Installment plan for Germany, a way to help them pay reparations

A series of treaties that settled Germany's disputed borders with France, Belgium, Czech, and Poland

agreement in which many nations agreed to outlaw war

Reparations reduced from 6.6 billion to 2

the practice of giving in to aggression in order to avoid war

Union of Germany and Austria in 1933

Gave Hitler his supposed "last territorial demand" (the Sudetenland) to avoid war

Hitler and Stalin agree on a no 2 front war

alliance between Japan, Germany, and Italy.

a movement advocating greater protection of the interests of consumers

A national policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs

the President of the United States during the Depression and WWII. He instituted the New Deal. Served from 1933 to 1945, he was the only president in U.S. history to be elected to four terms Warren Harding 29th president of the US; Republican; "Return to Normalcy" (life as it had been before WWI-peace, isolation); presidency was marred by scandal

President who said, "The business of America is business". He supported laissez-faire capitalism and isolationism.

promising the American people prosperity and attempted to first deal with the Depression by trying to restore public faith in the community.

guaranteed the right of unions to organize and to collectively bargain with management.

A relief, recovery, and reform effort that gave 2.5 million poor citizens jobs and land.

New Deal program that hired unemployed men to work on natural conservation projects

guaranteed retirement payments for enrolled workers beginning at age 65; set up federal-state system of unemployment insurance and care for dependent mothers and children, the handicapped, and public health

A drought in the 1930s that turned the Great Planes very dry.

government aid to the poor Hyperinflation A very rapid rise in the price level; an extremely high rate of inflation.