Chapter 5:Classification and Balancing of Chemical Reactions

________ is the burning of a fuel by rapid oxidation with oxygen in air.

________ is the process of breathing and using oxygen for the many biological redox reactions that provide the energy required by living organisms.

________ 1: Write an unbalanced equation, using the correct formulas for all given reactants and products.

________ is the deterioration of a metal by oxidation, such as the rusting of iron in moist air.

A(n) ________ has an oxidation number equal to its charge.

________ states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.

When acids and bases are mixed in the ________, both acidic and basic properties disappear because of a neutralization reaction.

An atom in its elemental state has a(n) ________ of 0.

The bonds between atoms in the reactants are rearranged to form ________ in chemical reactions, but none of the atoms disappear and no new ones are formed.

If a substance has a low solubility in water, then it is likely to precipitate from a(n) ________.

Most precipitations take place when the anions and cations of ________ change partners.

In a(n) ________, an atom usually has the same oxidation number it would have if it were a monatomic ion.

________ 3: Check the equation to make sure the numbers and kinds of atoms on both sides of the equation are the same.

The sum of the ________ in a neutral compound is 0.

________ (or oxidation state), which indicates whether the atom is neutral, electron- rich, or electron- poor.

Write an unbalanced equation, using the correct formulas for all given reactants and products

Add appropriate coefficients to balance the numbers of atoms of each element

Check the equation to make sure the numbers and kinds of atoms on both sides of the equation are the same

Make sure the coefficients are reduced to their lowest whole-number values

A compound is probably soluble if it contains one of the following cations

Li +, Na +, K+, Rb+, Cs+

NH4+

A compound is probably soluble if it contains one of the following anions

Cl-, Br -, and I

ion from the base to give neutral H2O, whereas the anion from the acid 1A-2 combines with the cation from the base 1M+2 to give the salt

it has been estimated that up to one-fourth of the iron produced in the United States is used to replace bridges, buildings, and other structures that have been destroyed by corrosion

processes in which an insoluble solid called a precipitate forms when reactants are combined in aqueous solution. Most precipitations take place when the anions and cations of two ionic compounds change partners.

processes in which an acid reacts with a base to yield water plus an ionic compound called a salt.

redox reactions to decolorize or lighten coloured material.

the science of extracting and purifying metals from their ores, makes use of numerous redox processes.