AP Human Geography-Unit 3

a group of belief systems, norms, and values practiced by a people

A rectangular land division scheme designed by Thomas Jefferson to disperse settlers evenly across farmlands of the U.S. interior.

A term used in describing the boundary lines of land, setting forth all the boundary lines together with their terminal points and angles. Metes (length or measurements) and Bounds (boundaries) description is often used when a great deal of accuracy is required.

houses erected on narrow lots perpendicular to a long river, so that each original settler had equal river access (french)

Forceful extension of a nation's authority by conquest or by establishing economic and political domination of other nations that aren't it's colonies.

The practice of valuing and respecting differences in culture.

the native language of a people in an area

The central, enduring elements of a culture expressing its values and beliefs, including language, religion, folklore, and etc. "What a culture believes"

languages from the indo-european family. Spoken by half of the world's people, and includes, among others, the germanic, romance, and slavic subfamilies.

A collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history.

when innovations spread to new places while staying strong in their original locations.

A language that was once used by people in daily activities but is no longer used.

a particular group's individual skills, customs, and ways of doing things

a small culture that incorporates a homogeneous population that is typically rural and cohesive in cultural traits.

growth to a global or worldwide scale

large culture that incorporates heterogeneous populations, is typically urban, and experiences quick changing traits.

the things a group of people construct, including homes, clothing, sports, dance, and foods.

A reaction in architectural design to the feeling of sterile alienation that many people get from modern architecture. Postmodernism uses older, historical styles and a sense of lightheartedness and eclecticism. Buildings combine pleasant-looking forms and playful colors to convey new ideas and to create spaces that are more people-friendly than their modernist predecessors.

beliefs, practices, aesthetics, and values of a group of people. EX) Hutterites value marrying within their religion

the process by which other cultures adopt customs and knowledge and use them for their own benefit

Movement of people from rural areas to cities

How quickly innovations diffuse and refers to how interlinked two places are through transportation and communication

Occurs when the diffusion innovation or concept spreads from a place or person of power or high susceptibility to another in a leveled pattern.

idea spreads from person to person

Occurs when the innovative idea diffuses from its hearth outward, but the original idea is changed by the new adopters.

When people move, or relocate, they spread ideas along with them

the process of people adopting the dominant culture and abandon their own culture.

the practice of judging a culture by its own standards

the visible imprint of human activity on the landscape

The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape.

coined by George Edward Relph to describe the loss of uniqueness in place in the cultural landscape to the point that one place looks like the next

buildings use building materials available and reflect social/environmental customs of the people

made by the emotions and memories attached to a place. Changes as we and the place change.

an identity based on being bounded or related to a certain place over time

Belief in the superiority of one's nation or ethnic group.

members share cultural heritage, ancestry, origin myth, history, homeland, language/dialect, symbolic systems (religion/mythology), rituals, cuisine, dressing styles, art, or physical appearance

a small area occupied by a distinctive minority culture

a variant of a standard language along regional or ethnic liens. Made of differences in: vocab, syntax, pronunciation, cadence, and pace.

boundary line between two distinct linguistic regions

Any item, made by humans, that represents a material aspect of culture

a blending of beliefs and practices from different religions into one faith

The name given to a portion of Earth's surface.

way of classifying languages at the global scale. The languages have shared by fairly distant origins. Broken into sub-families.

divisions within a language family, the commonalities are more definite and origins more recent. Consists of individual languages with smaller spatial extents and dialects with even smaller spatial extents

Attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory.

An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state

a force that divides people and countries

set of languages with a relatively recent common origin and many similar characteristics

a language used among speakers of different languages for the purposes of trade and commerce.

when people speaking 2 or more languages are in contact and they combine parts of their languages in a simplified structure and vocabulary

the restriction of a culture from outside influences

Locations on Earth's surface where specific cultures first arose.

contact and interaction of one culture and another

The blending of African, European, and some Amerindian cultural elements into the unique sociocultural systems found in the Caribbean.

countries in which more than one language is in use

adopted by countries as the language of the government

The institutions and links between individuals and groups that unite a culture, including family structure and political, educational and religious institutions

a system of beliefs and practices that attempts to order life in terms of culturally perceived ultimate priorities.

worship a singly deity

worship more than one deity, even 1000s

any tool or service that uses the internet to facilitate conversations

actively seek converts because they view themselves as offering belief systems and universal appropriateness and appeal.

Adherents are born into the faith and converts are not actively sought.

Ethnic religion. Based off teachings of Abraham. In Middle East, N Africa, Russia, Ukraine, Europe, and N and S America. Monotheistic.

single founder (Jesus), split from Judaism, monotheistic, first split: between Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox.

founded by Muhammad, Qu'ran, Allah, monotheistic, 5 pillars, pilgrimage to Mecca/hajj.

Belief that humans should be based on facts and not religious beliefs

places people infuse with religious meaning (reverence or fear). If infused with reverence, a pilgrimage may be made to the place.

the pilgrimage to Mecca

the boundaries between the world's major faiths. subject to potentially divisive cultural forces.

the boundaries within a single major faith. Divisions between: Catholics and Protestants (especially in N Ireland), Muslim Sunni and Shia

a government in which religion rules

(n.) the modification of the social patterns, traits, or structures of one group or society by contact with those of another; the resultant blend

Belief that objects, such as plants and stones, or natural events, like thunderstorms and earthquakes, have a discrete spirit and conscious life.