Chapter 1

Deforestation

________) has increased species extinction 100.

Better sanitation

________ was safe for food and water supplies, better disposal of sewage and solid waste.

Status of species extinction

________) human population growth and environmental degradation has increased species extinction 100 fold in the last century.

Examples of carrying capacity

________Population that an area will support without undergoing environmental degradation. Greater population = outstripped food supply and resources greater in diseases starvation and conflict.

Epidemiologic Transition

________ Primary cause of disease changing from acute, infectious and communicable to chronic degenerative diseases.

Define a healthy ecosystem

Greater biodiversity. Diverse types of organisms.

Biodiversity

Different types and variability of animal and plant species and the ecosystems they live.

Renewable resources

Plants that provide oxygen, crops, fruits, vegetables, lumber, medicines, and fuels.

Non-renewable resources

Rock minerals and fossil fuels are finite.

Ecosystems

 dynamic complexes of the living natural communities and nonliving environment in a functional unit that require some materials.

Developing nations urban areas

Where will most future world population increase occur?

Developing nation age structure

Tends to be a pyramid with many pre-reproductive‘s (children) that will become reproductive adults. (Stages 1-2)

Developed nation age structure

“Stovepipe” shaped with many post reproductive‘s (elderly) (Stage 3)

Demographic transition

Alteration overtime of populations fertility, mortality and make up. Does not include the effect of migration.

Carrying capacity

Population that an area will support without undergoing environmental degradation.

Current status of world population growth

It rose from 1.5% per year in 1950 to over 2% in 1960s due to reduction in death by, agriculture revolution increasing food supply. A better health care with immunizations and medicines. Better sanitation with safer food and water supplies, better disposal of sewage and salad waste.

What is protected by environmental health

It regulates air, water, food, waste, noise, toxic substances, pollutants, disease factors and unsafe conditions.

National Environmental Health Association (NEHA)

Protection against environmental factors that may adversely impact human health or ecological balances.

World Health Organization (WHO)

All physical, chemical and biological factors external to a person.

Concerns associated with pollution

Global warming, Change in distribution of insect vectors and pollute water supply.

Concerns associated with population

Increased from 7.6 billion to 9.1 billion from 2019 to 2050. Will promote disease, be crowded, lacking clean water, sanitation and vector control.

Concerns associated with poverty

Under nourished people will be more susceptible to diseases. 20.2% of children under five live below poverty line.