Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL)

This is a method for obtaining cellular, immunologic, and microbiologic information from the lower respiratory tract

During bronchoscopy, a fiber-optic bronchoscope is guided into a selected bronchopulmonary segment, usually the?

Sterile saline volume should be?

Aliquots volume should be?

Which part of the aliquot should be discarded?

Which part of the aliquot should be sent individually for analysis/pooled for further analysis

The desired fluid volume for analysis is?

Minimal fluid volume for analysis should be?

Specimens should be kept at a __ during transport to the laboratory and process them __

When should you put your specimens on ice during transportation?

Specimens that will not be analyzed immediately should be?

Specimens are unacceptable for testing after?

Cell counts should be performed within?

Samples can be filtered with the use of?

Loose gauze is used to filter out what?

A macroscopic observation is recorded describing the __ and __ of the specimen

BAL fluid color can be?

____ is the result of an older hemorrhagic syndrome and would be evaluated for intracellular iron content

This indicates an accumulation of phospholipid-protein complexes derived from pulmonary surfactant in the lung alveoli and strongly suggests pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

The BAL fluid should be centrifuged if it looks?

In what degrees should the specimen be put when delayed

Which are performed on BAL and is also diluted to facilitate counting?

WBC and RBC is diluted using a?

Cell viability can be determined by adding?

If a hemocytometer is used, WBC counts may be diluted using the ____ to facilitate counting

A BMP LeukoChek system is available with a 1 to 100 dilution of __ to lyse the RBCs

RBC count is diluted with _____ using an ______

For leukocytes, differential slides are prepared by?

This is the cell that is most frequently seen

Macrophages contains a variety of?

Macrophage ranges from?

Lymphocytes ranges from?

Increased lymphocytes suggests?

Lymphocyte with a differential count equal or greater than 25% suggests

Lymphocyte with a differential count greater than 50% suggests

This leukocyte further defines the disease process

Elevated CD4/CD8 indicates?

Normal CD4/CD8 indicates?

Low CD4/CD8 indicates?

Immunologic analysis is performed by?

What is the primary granulocyte that is seen in BAL

Normal value of neutrophils

Neutrophils count equal to or greater than 50% strongly suggests

Eosinophil with a differential count greater than or equal to 25%

CASE STUDY. When you get the result of a mast cell differentiation greater than 1%, a lymphocyte counts greater than 50% as well as a neutrophil count greater than 3% strongly suggests that this patient has?

Presence of erythrocytes indicates?

Alveolar hemorrhage has occured within the past 48 hours indicates a presence of?

Presence of Hemosiderin-laden macrophages indicates?

In lavage specimen, epithelial cells normally range from?