psych (11. testing/individual)

a general intelligence factor that, according to spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.

a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person’s total score.

the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions.

attempts to measure how quickly your mind works

mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.

a method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores.

a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing.

in psychology, grit is passion and perseverance in the pursuit of long-term goals.

assessed by traditional intelligence tests, which present well-defined problems having a single right answer. such tests predict school grades reasonably well and vocational success more modestly.

demonstrated in reacting adaptively to novel situations and generating novel ideas. many inventions result from such creative problem solving.

required for everyday tasks, which may be ill-defined, with multiple solutions. manage oneself, one’s tasks, etc. (ex. street smarts)

our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood.

our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age.

a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance.

the widely used american revision binet’s original (binet-simon) intelligence test, used to find “gifted and talented children”, original was designed to do the opposite, look for deficits

defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100 (iq = ma/ca × 100)

on contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100, with scores assigned to relative performance above or below average.

a test designed to assess what a person has learned.

a test designed to predict a person’s future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn.

the wais is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests.

defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group.

the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on retesting.

the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to. (accuracy)

the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest.

the success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior. (aka criterion-related validity)

a group of people from a given time period.

a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life. (formerly “mental retardation”.)

a condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.

the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. the heritability of a trait may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied.

a self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype.

substantial and consistent rise in average iq scores observed over the past century in numerous countries. this increase is attributed to environmental factors/improved access to resources

eugenics - believed that genius was inherited, attempted but failed to construct a simple intelligence test.

general intelligence - intelligence is linked to many clusters (factor analysis)

8 intelligences; visual-spatial, linguistic-verbal, logical-mathematical, body-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic

* speculated a 9th intelligence called existential intelligence

environmental explanation of intelligence differences

started the modern intelligence-testing movement by developing questions to measure children’s mental age and thus predict progress in the school system.

“dull vs. bright”

movement encouraging only the smartest and fittest to reproduce

3 intelligences; practical, creative, and analytical

studied california school children with high iqs, contrary to the popular notion that intellectually gifted children are maladjusted,

terman’s high-scoring children, like those in later studies, were healthy, well-adjusted, and unusually successful academically.

psychologist who developed individual test of intelligence for adults (wais)

* self-awareness: observing ourself and recognizing a feeling as it happens

* managing emotions: handling feelings so that they are appropriate, realizing the reasons behind a feeling and how to handle negative emotions

* motivating oneself: channeling emotions in the service of a goal; emotional self control

* empathy: sensitivity to others’ feelings and concerns and taking their perspective

* handling relationships: managing emotions in others; social skills

* expertise

* creative environment

* intrinsic motivation

* ventursome personality

* imaginative thinking