WHAT IS REFLECTION?

it is bouncing of light rays when it hits a surface.

Regular/Specular: The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. It is a smooth surface.

Irregular/Diffuse: A reflection of rough surfaces.

Definition of Terms:

1. Magnification

   The ratio of the image dimensions to the object dimension.

2. Image

   Real: formed when rays converge

   **^^Virtual: ^^**formed when rays diverge

3. Orientation

   Upright: right side up

   Inverted: Upside down

4. Location

   Depends on the object’s location.

5. Size

   Larger (greater than 1), smaller (less than 1), same (equal).

LATERAL INVERSION OF IMAGES

• A phenomenon wherein the left side of the object appears on the right side of the reflected image.

CURVED MIRROR

• A reflecting surface is a section of a sphere.

Concave: Can be seen on the inside of the sphere.

Convex: Can be seen on the outside of the sphere.

Mirror Equation:

1/F = 1/P + 1/Q

where;

F: Focal length or the distance between the mirror and the focal point.

P: Distance of the object from the mirror.

Q: Distance of the image from the mirror.

LENSES

1. Concave

   Diverge rays of the light that are traveling. It always produces smaller images.

2. Convex

   Converges rays of light that are traveling.

PLANE MIRRORS

Plane mirrors have a flat surface and are known as “virtual” images. The reflection on plane mirrors creates upright virtual images with the same magnification or size and distance as the object.

• PERISCOPE: An instrument for observations around or through object obstacle or condition that prevents direct line of sight.

• KALEIDOSCOPE: It manipulates and reflects when looking through the hole light filters to the glass.

• LENS: a piece of transparent material that is shaped to cause light rays to bend in a specific way as they pass through it.

TERMS IN OPTICS:

• The focal Point is the point where parallel rays converge when after passing through a lens.

• The focal length of a lens is the distance from its center to the focal point.

• The optical axis is the line of symmetry for the lens.

• The light rays are an approximation of the path of light where the straight lens is used to represent the motion of light waves.

• The biconvex lens is a simple optical lens with two convex.