Latin Grammar Revision

Neuter Nouns

Usually feminine nouns are in the 1st & 3rd declensions. Usually masculine nouns are in the 2nd & 3rd declensions. However, for non-living objects we use this gender called the neuter.

Neuter nouns will always take endings from the 2nd & 3rd declensions (same as masculine nouns). Here is a neuter noun table:

	2nd declension (bellum)	3rd declension (flumen)
Nominative sg	-um	Any (often -men)
Accusative sg	-um	Any
Nominative pl	-a	-a
Accusative pl	-a	-a

Adjective Table & Neuter Adjectives

	masculine (2nd decl.)	feminine (1st decl.)	neuter
Nominative sg	-us	-a	-um
Accusative sg	-um	-am	-um
Nominative pl	-i	-ae	-a
Accusative pl	-os	-as	-a

As you can see, the neuter ending is pretty straightforward. The nominative sg and accusative sg endings are all -um and the nominative pl and accusative pl all end in -a.

Perfect Tense Table

1st person sg	I ruled	rex-i
2nd person sg	You ruled	rex-isti
3rd person sg	He/She/It ruled	rex-it
1st person pl	We ruled	rex-imus
2nd person pl	You ruled	rex-istis
3rd person pl	They ruled	rex-erunt

The perfect tense is used for completed verbs in the past. It is one of 3 different past tenses that we use in Latin. Latin always has the same set of endings.

Noun Endings Table

	1st declension (ancilla)	2nd declension (servus)	3rd declension (rex)
Nominative sg	-a	-us	-any
Accusative sg	-am	-um	-em
Nominative pl	-ae	-i	-es
Accusative pl	-as	-os	-es

Adjectives

In Latin a noun has to agree with adjectives in three different aspects:

The same gender ending e.g. (masculine & feminine)
Both have to have the same number (singular & plural)
Both have to be in the same cass (nominative & accusative)

This often means that they will always have the same endings, but not always.

	masculine (2nd decl.)	feminine (1st decl.)	neuter
Nominative sg	-us	-a	-um
Accusative sg	-um	-am	-um
Nominative pl	-i	-ae	-a
Accusative pl	-os	-as	-a