Amines

• Ammonia (NH3) with alkyl groups replacing hydrogens

Naming Amines

• Systemic IUPAC name

  • alkane name, replace “e” with amine (propanamine)

• Common Naming

  • Use amine as parent chain (propyl amine)

  • Use amine as branch (aminopropane)

Properties of Amines

• Small amines are soluble in water, have higher boiling points than alkanes

• N-H bond is polar

  • Primary amines are most polar, due to the two N-H bonds.

  • Tertiary amines are least polar, N is surrounded by three non-polar alkyl groups.

Amides

• Like esters, but chains are joined by N instead of O

• Formed by dehydration reaction between carboxylic acid and amine or ammonia

Naming Amides

• Amine becomes alkyl group (N-alkyl)

• Acid becomes root, change ending from –oic acid to –amide