APUSH- Period 3 Vocab

a conflict between France and Great Britain that lasted from 1754 to 1763- established Britain as the dominant European power in North

a proposal by the Albany Congress, under the guidance of Benjamin Franklin, during the French and Indian war that called for a confederation of colonies to defend against attack by European and Native foes- it was the first proposal for a unified version of the colonies

a confederation of Natives fought for their land, led by the Ottawa leader, against the presence of British troops at the end of the French and Indian war- led to the Proclamation of 1763

a proclamation from the British government which forbade British colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountain- angered the colonists

lowered the duty on foreign-produced molasses as an attempt to discourage smuggling- intended to focus the colonies only on British goods and ports

required colonists to purchase stamps for bills, newspapers, pamphlets, and other business and legal documents- the first tax that directly targeted the colonists

patriotic groups that protested the Stamp Act and Townshend Acts through boycotts and non-importation agreements- played a central role in rebellion

papers that stated that colonies should have control over their own internal operations and taxations, while recognizing Parliament's power- intended to protest the Townshend Acts

an incident in which British soldiers fired into a crowd of colonists who were teasing and taunting them; five colonists were killed- helped unite the colonies against Britain

local communities established across the colonies to maintain colonial opposition to British policies through the exchange of letters and pamphlets- helped spread the rebellion

a British ship that enforced the unfair British trade regulation was looted and burned by the American patriots- first major armed act of rebellion against the British crown

a political protest where colonists dumped 342 chests of British tea into the harbor to protest "taxation without representation"- fueled the tension between Britain and America

a series of punitive measures passed in retaliation for the Boston Tea Party that restricted colonial rights- resulted in the creation of the First Continental Congress

convention of delegates from 12/13 colonies that convened in Philadelphia to craft a response to the Intolerable Acts- the boycotts against British goods were successful

a declaration that resulted in the boycott of British goods until the Intolerable Acts were repealed- they were endorsed by the First Continental Congress

declared that the taxes imposed on the colonists without their formal consent were unconstitutional- stated that colonists possessed all the same rights as Englishmen

local militiamen; they could be ready for battle at a minute's notice- fought against the British during the Revolutionary War

the Massachusetts militia succeeded in pushing the British army back to Boston- first military clashes of the American

Americans built a small fort on Breed's Hill, the British attacked it and won, but they suffered heavy casualties- the first major battle of the Revolutionary War

the formal meeting of delegates from the American colonies to form a provisional government together to make decisions about the war with Britain over American independence- managed the colonial war effort

it asserted colonial rights while still maintaining their loyalty to the British crown- a final attempt to avoid war between Great Britain and the 13 colonies

a call for resistance to Britain based on arguments about the rights of British subjects, the rights of the individual, local traditions of self-rule, and the ideas of the Enlightenment- played a major part in uniting the colonists

the founding document of the United States that announced the separation of the colonies from Great Britain- it was an official step taken by the colonies away from the rule of King George III

colonists who rebelled against British control during the American Revolution- were the backbone of the Revolutionary War

those in the colonies who remained loyal to the British crown during the American war for independence- opposed the revolution

a colonial victory in upstate New York- convinced the French to give the US military support

the written document that established the functions of the national government of the US after it declared independence from Great Britain- the first (very weak) government of the new United States

a law that divided much of the US into a system of townships to facilitate the sale of land to settlers and raise money- organized the lands west of the Appalachian

established a government for the Northwest Territory, outlined the process for admitting a new state to the Union, and guaranteed that new states would be equal to the original 13- it prohibited slavery in the territory and embarked funds from land states for public schools

Daniel Shays led rebels in protest against high state taxes, imprisonment for debt, and a lack of paper money- temporarily stopped the collection of taxes and closed debtors' courts

wife of second president John Adams and women's rights activist- encouraged the continental congress to "remember the ladies" in the new constitution

meeting held to discuss interstate commerce- issued the call for states to revise the Articles of Confederation

the meeting of state delegate in 1787 in Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation- designed the US constitution

delegates to the Constitutional Convention and helped draft the Constitution of the United States- framed the Constitution into what it is today

the power of each branch of government would be limited by the powers of others- prevents any one branch or official from calling all the shots

states should be represented proportionally to their population- favored the larger states

states should be represented by one representative each- favored the smaller states

established that the Senate would have equal representation and the House of Representatives would have representation proportional to the size of each state- established the legislative branch of the US government

a slave is equal to 3/5 of a person for census and representation purposes- granted disproportionate political power to southern slave states

supporters of the Constitution and its strong federal government- helped ratify the Constitution

opponents who feared that the new government would be too strong- fought against the Constitution

a series of persuasive essays written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay that presented reasons for believing in the practicality of each major provisions of the Constitution- supported the Federalists

a list of rights intended to defend individual liberty- protected citizens against the power of the central government

act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts, with the Supreme Court having the final say- established the structure of the federal court system

a tax on the sale of a product of on a product produced for sale- Alexander Hamilton's whiskey tax was an example of this

French government representative asking for assistance for the French revolution- sparked support for the French revolution and led to the creation of the Democratic-Republican party

Britain agreed to evacuate its posts on the American western frontier but did not say anything about impressing US seamen to the British navy- helped avoid war between Britain and the US

granted American ships the right to free navigation of the Mississippi river as well as duty-free transport though the port of New Orleans- resolved territorial disputes between Spain and the US

an uprising of Western Pennsylvanian farmers that took place between 1791-1794 in response to Alexander Hamilton's excise tax on whiskey- it was the first test of federal authority in the US

a warning by exiting President Washington to not get involved in foreign affairs or divide into parties- argued for neutrality

an incident in which French agents attempted to get a bribe and loans from US diplomats in exchange for an agreement that French privateers would no longer attack American ships- led to an undeclared war between France and the US

made it more difficult for foreigners to become citizens and made it illegal to criticize the government- maintained federalist power

condemned the Alien and Sedition Acts as unconstitutional and claimed that because these acts overstepped federal authority under the Constitution, they were null and void- declared that the states had the rights to declare laws unconstitutional

the government changed hands from one political party to another without bloodshed- the peaceful transfer of power was unique