Chapter Two: Doing Social Psychology Research

measures the relationship between variables.

characterize preexisting differences among the participants in a study.

when an experiment is properly conducted.

examining existing records of past events and behaviors.

________: seeks to increase our understanding of human behavior.

an explicit, testable prediction about the conditions under which an event will occur.

participants are led to believe that their responses will be verified by an infallible lie detector.

combining results across studies.

the specific procedures for manipulating /measuring a conceptual variable.

people working for the experimenter who pretend theyre part of the experiment.

________ is not causation.

an organized set of principles used to explain observed phenomena.

the extent to which the results obtained under one set of circumstances would also occur in a different set of circumstances.

record how frequently or how typically people think, feel, or behave in particular ways.

providing participants with false info.

measured to see if its affected.

conducted in real- world settings outside the lab.

beginning the research process

an explicit, testable prediction about the conditions under which an event will occur

an organized set of principles used to explain observed phenomena

seeks to increase our understanding of human behavior

focuses on making applications to the world and contributing to the solution of social problems

the specific procedures for manipulating / measuring a conceptual variable

the extent to which

participants disclose their thoughts, feelings, desires, and actions

participants are led to believe that their responses will be verified by an infallible lie detector

level of agreement among multiple observers of the same behavior

record how frequently or how typically people think, feel, or behave in particular ways

examining existing records of past events and behaviors

measures the relationship between variables

a statistical measure of the strength and direction of the association between two variables

form of research that can demonstrate causal relationships

participants are not assigned to a group based on their characteristics

selecting participants for a study in a way that everyone in a population has an equal chance

environment is controlled and participants are carefully studied

conducted in real-world settings outside the lab

manipulated

measured to see if its affected

characterize preexisting differences among the participants in a study

when an experiment is properly conducted

a factor other than the independent variable that has an effect on the dependent variable

experimenter bias

the extent to which the results obtained under one set of circumstances would also occur in a different set of circumstances

extent to which the research setting resembles the real-world setting

degree to which the experimental setting and procedures are real and involving to the participant

providing participants with false info

people working for the experimenter who pretend theyre part of the experiment

combining results across studies

an individuals deliberate, voluntary decision to participate in research

researchers fully inform their participants about the nature of the research at the end of the experiment

seeks to increase our understanding of human behavior. often designed to test a specific hypothesis from a specific theory

focuses on making applications to the world and contributing to the solution of social problems

A factor other than the independent variable that varies between the conditions of an experiment, thereby calling into question what caused any effects on the dependent variable.

The extent to which the measures used in a study measure the variables they were designed to measure and the manipulations in an experiment manipulate the variables they were designed to manipulate.

A statistical measure of the strength and direction of the association between two variables.

A disclosure, made to participants after research procedures are completed, in which the researcher explains the purpose of the research, attempts to resolve any negative feelings, and emphasizes the scientific contribution made by the participants’ involvement.

A form of research that can demonstrate causal relationships because (1) the experimenter has control over the events that occur and (2) participants are randomly assigned to conditions.

The degree to which experimental procedures are involving to participants and lead them to behave naturally and spontaneously.

The effects produced when an experimenter’s expectations about the results of an experiment affect his or her behavior toward a participant and thereby influence the participant’s responses.

An individual’s deliberate, voluntary decision to participate in research, based on the researcher’s description of what will be required during such participation.

The degree to which different observers agree on their observations

The degree to which the experimental situation resembles places and events in the real world.

A method of assigning participants to the various conditions of an experiment so that each participant in the experiment has an equal chance of being in any of the conditions.

A method of selecting participants for a study so that everyone in a population has an equal chance of being in the study.

Participants disclose their thoughts, feelings, desires, and actions

Environment is controlled and participants are carefully studied

A variable whose variation doesn’t depend on that of another. The manipulated variable in an experiment