WHAP Unit 1 Vocabulary

Nomadic peoples of Manchuria who founded the Liao dynasty, rivaling the Song dynasty in the 11th century.

Philosophy in Song-dynasty China that revived Confucianism with Buddhist and Daoist elements, emphasizing morality.

Kingdom of Tangut people north of Song China, draining resources and burdening the peasantry.

Song dynasty chief minister who introduced Legalist reforms, facing opposition from Confucian ministers.

Founders of the Jin kingdom, forcing the Song dynasty to flee south, leading to the Southern Song dynasty.

Rump state of Song dynasty known for cultural peak, Neo-Confucian revival, and economic expansion.

Quick-maturing rice allowing two harvests, leading to agricultural expansion in Tang and Song dynasties.

Built during the Sui dynasty, linking northern China with the Yangtze river basin, aiding agricultural and commercial growth.

Tang-Song era practice constricting women's feet, symbolizing China's patriarchal society.

Japanese military class protecting Shoguns and Daimyos, promoting warrior values during the Bakufu era.

Five-year conflict between Taira and Minamoto families leading to the establishment of the Bakufu military government in Japan.

Warlord rulers of small states in Japan, stabilizing village life and supporting rural communities.

Adoption of Chinese culture in regions like Korea, Japan, and Vietnam, influencing language, Confucianism, and art.

Korean kingdom that led to cultural advancements like Buddhism expansion and metal moveable printing press.

Muslim slave warriors who established a dynasty in Egypt, defeating the Mongols and halting their advance.

Islamic scholar who made significant contributions to astronomy, mathematics, and trigonometry.

Academic center in Baghdad fostering scholarly growth, preserving ancient knowledge, and advancing academia.

Muslim astronomical instrument aiding navigation and determining prayer times.

Islamic faith supporting the first four caliphs and following Muhammed's example, leading to conflicts with Shia.

Muslim mystics seeking communion with God through meditation and rituals, contributing to the spread of Islam.

First Islamic government in India (1206-1520) centered in Delhi, ruled by a Sultanate, maintaining social structure, and establishing customs like sati and ban on widow remarriage.

Branch of Buddhism in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia, close to original principles, emphasizes individual enlightenment over gods.

Branch of Buddhism in China, Japan, and Central Asia, focuses on reverence for Buddha and bodhisattvas, significant developments in Buddhist doctrines.

Doctrine in Tibet and China, combines Indian and shamanistic elements, influenced politics, arts, and social norms.

Portuguese trade town in Malayan peninsula, controlled trade in Malay Archipelago, center for commercial activity and trade.

"Lion Prince" of Mali Empire, created unified state, established basic rules of Malinke society, and influenced Mali's government.

Oral historians in Mali Empire, keepers of traditions and advisors to kings, began epic histories like Sundiata.

Arab traveler describing African societies, spreading information about African society and trade routes.

Flourishing city in Western Sudan for trade and academic exchange, with Muslim universities and mosques.

Successor state to Mali, dominated Niger valley, fusion of Islamic and pagan practices, remained powerful until the 16th century.

Mali emperor known for pilgrimage to Mecca, cultivating Islamic studies and faith.

Islamic sacred law, outlines customs of Muslims, contrasts with Sudanic states' matrilineal customs.

Flourishing Muslim city-states along the Swahili Coast, traded ivory, gold, slaves, and exotic animals.

Agricultural kingdom on Congo River, ruled by hereditary monarchy, advanced in weaving, pottery, and blacksmithing.

Bantu confederation in Southern Africa, center for international trade, developed advanced architectural monuments.

Device for efficient camel travel, promoted trade along Silk Road and Arabian Peninsula.

Tropical winds in Southeast Asia, influenced overseas trade and transportation.

Expensive, desired goods like silk and jewelry, boosted economies and trade along Silk Road.

Groups traveling together for protection, re-established trade routes without fear of robbery.