World History

Old Regime

Social and Political system in France

Estate

Three large Social classes

Louis XVI

King of France, last Monarch before the French Revolution

Marie Antoinette

One of the Hapsburgs, who became Queen of France Married to Louis XVI

Estates General

Assembly of representatives of all three Estates

National Assembly

Third Estates names themselves, and pass laws and reforms in the name of French people

Tennis Court Oath

3rd estate Pledge to stay until a new constitution was written

Great Fear

Wave of senseless panic, peasants became outlaws

Legislative Assembly

This group had the power to create laws, and accept or reject declarations of war

Emigre

Nobles and other people who had fled France, hoped to undo Revolution and restore old regime

Sans Culotte

Parisian and small shopkeepers who wanted the Revolution to bring even greater changes

Jacobin

People involved in governmental Changes, radical/ political organization

Guillotine

Cruel Form of Capital Punishment, king was beheaded by this machine

Maximilien Robespierre

The Jacobin Leader, he set up to build a Republic of Virtue

Reign of Terror

The Year where Robespierre governed France virtually as a dictator.

Napoleon Bonaparte

Joined the Army during the revolution, took the name of First Consul and assumed powers of Dictator

Coup d’état

“Blow to the state”

Plebiscite

Also known as vote of the People, to approve for a new constitution.

Lycée

Government-Run Public Schools who were open to male students of all Backgrounds

Concordat

Agreement signed with Pope Pius VII, establish a new relationship between Church and State

Napoleonic Code

Napoleons Comprehensive system of laws, which gave the country a uniform set of laws, limited injustice.

Battle of Trafalgar

Naval defeat on 1805 where Horatio Nelson split larger French Fleet capturing several ships.

Blockade

Forcible Closing of Ports to prevent trade and communication between Great Britain and other European Countries

Continental System

Policy that was supposed to make continental Europe a little more self Sufficient

Guerrilla

Not armies, worked in small groups that ambushed French Troops and Fled into hiding.

Peninsular war

Napoleon looses 300,000 men that weakened the Empire, Spain lies on the Iberian Peninsula

Scorched-earth policy

Burning Grain Fields and Slaughtering live-stock to leave nothing for the enemy to eat

Waterloo

1815, Napoleon Attacks, however the British Army defended its ground. Prussia and British Armies attacked against French.

Hundred days

The Defeat that ended Napoleons Power, where British people send Napoleon into Exile.

Congress of Vienna

Series of meetings in Vienna to set up policies and achieve a New European Order.

Klemens von Metternich

Prince of Austria, one of the most influential representatives in the congress.

Balance of power

Trying for no country to be a threat amongst other countries.

Legitimacy

Agreeing that as many as the possible rulers whom Napoleon had driven from their thrones, restored to power.

Holy Alliance

Czar Alexander I - Russia, Emperor Francis I of Austria and King Fredrick William III - Prussia signed an Agreement, base relations with other nations on Christian Principles

Concert of Europe

Ensured Nations would help each other if a Revolution ever broke out.