Chapter 2 Psychological Research

Deductive reasoning

________ uses general ideas to create predictions to claims by testing real- world observations.

Statistical analysis

________- determines How likely any difference between experimental groups is due to chance.

Positive correlation

________- two variables change in the same direction, both be coming either larger or smaller.

Guidelines

________ ensure that experiment does not cause harm.

Surveys

________ can be used to gather a large amount of data from a sample from a population.

Validity

________- accuracy of a given result in measuring what is designed to measure.

theory

A(n) ________ is a less refined set of ideas, more of a proposed explanation.

Placebo effect

________- people's expectations or beliefs influencing or determining their experience in a given situation.

hypothesis

A(n) ________ regarding cause and effect can be tested through experimentation.

Opinion

________- personal judgments, conclusions, or attitudes that may or may not be accurate.

Fact

________- objective and verifiable observation, established using evidence collected through Empirical research.

Population

________- overall group of individuals that the researchers are interested in.

Illusory correlation

________- seeing relationships between two things when in reality no such relationship exists.

Survey

________- list of questions to be answered by research participants given as a paper and pencil questionnaire, administered electronically, or conducted verbally allowing researchers to collect data from a larger number of people.

Reliability

________- consistency and reproducibility of a given result.

Generalization

________- inferring that the results of a sample apply to the larger population.

Longitudinal research

________- studies in which the same group of individuals is surveyed or measured repeatedly over an extended period of time.