APUSH Chapter 19

Intercepted by British intelligence in 1917. It was a telegraph from Germany, in which German Minister Arthur Zimmerman asked Mexico to be their ally, in return Mexico would get the territories they lost from the U.S. (Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona).

Provided imprisonment of up to 20 years for persons who tried to incite rebellion in the armed forced or obstructed the draft.

The Treaty of Versailles was a harsh document that all but guaranteed future conflict in Europe.

A short-lived, but intense period of political intolerance inspired by the postwar strike wave and the social tensions and fears generated by the Russian Revolution.

Attorney General Palmer dispatched federal agents to raid the offices of radical and labor organizations throughout the country. These were known as Palmer Raids.

W. E. B. DuBois: Believed that educated African-Americans should use their education and training to challenge inequality.. DuBois was a typical progressive who believed that investigation, exposure, and education would lead to solutions for social problems.

W. E. B. DuBois was the cofounder of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), they used the court systems to drive change through legal channels

He launched a separatists movement. For Garveyites, freedom meant self-determination. He founded the United negro Improvement Association (UNIA), which promoted back owned businesses. He also promoted black nationalism and the acceptance of African culture.

Provided federal funds for maternity care and child care programs.

A group of radical women led by Alice Paul . They were militantly fighting for suffrage.

Coordinated efforts to turn the economy into a wartime economy, increase profits, and reveal the strengths of a government that managed economy.

This was essentially a propaganda machine headed by George Creel, in charge of shaping public opinion to support the war effort. they also exaggerated wartime atrocities to gain public approval for the war effort.

Wanted unions and employers work together for the war effort. Each side gave concessions.

Supreme Court ruled that Congress could limit free speech during wartime if such speech presented a danger to national interests.

Near the start of the war, Russian Revolutionaries overthrow the czar's government and proclaimed a republic. However, later the Bolsheviks (Communists) would cause a revolution, taking Russia out of the war.

Espionage Act: 1917, provided for the imprisonment of up to 20 years for persons who tried to incite rebellion in the armed forces or obstructed the draft.

Headed the Committee on Public Information, also a journalist.

With British assaults on American ships continuing, Madison asked for a declaration of war, and it didn't help that the British were aiding Tecumseh when America was trying to push the Indians further West. Vote for war revealed a divided country: The North voted against since they were where Mercantile and financial resources were concentrated, while the West and South voted for it. The country was disunited, military was unprepared, and they were poorly financed (North & B.U.S. refused to give loans). After Britain beat France, they invaded the U.S., they seized Washington D.C. and burned down the White House. Andrew Jackson defeated the Creeks Indians, leading to them ceded 23million acres of land, then went to New Orleans where he fought off British invaders in January 1814.

A derogatory term used by the British and Americans to describe German soldiers during the First World War.

A list of war aims made by Wilson to address the causes of WWI and prevent another world war. It's main goal was to secure everlasting peace.

An international peacekeeping organization, calling on each nation to stand ready to protect the independence and territorial integrity of other nations.

A peace conference in the Palace of Versailles outside Paris where every nation that fought on the Allies side was represented.

1. Disarmed Germany and stripped it of its colonies in Asia and Africa. They were forced to accept guilt for the war. They had to accept French occupation of the Rhineland for 15 years. And they had to pay a huge sum of money in reparations to Great Britain and France.

Studied the alleged mental characteristics of different races, gave anti-immigrant sentiment an air of professional expertise.

The U.S. would pay off European loans and invest in those Western Hemisphere nations to create better relations.

A leading Republican conservative senator who wanted to keep the U.S. out of the League of Nations. He was a reservationist.

A larger group led by Senator lodge who could accept the League of Nations, if certain reservations were added.

A group which could not accept U.S. membership into the League of Nations, no matter how it was worded.

Ship canal cut across the isthmus of Panama by United States, it opened in 1915.

The United States had the right to exercise "an international police power" in the Western Hemisphere. This was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine.

A system in which support is given only to countries whose moral beliefs are analogous to that of the nation.

Civil War broke out in Mexico and Wilson sent troops to Veracruz. Warning Mexico of potential actions if American lives or property was threatened.

When a Serbian assassinated the Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne.

Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism.

• Remember these "M.A.I.N." reasons.

Britain controlled America's source of info pertaining the war, so they portrayed the German's as "Huns" and as monsters.

They announced their policy of unrestricted submarine warfare.

African Americans fought in the war, but they were segregated. After the war African Americans were still not treated equally.

African Americans were not seen well in the North during the Great Migration as there was the belief that they were taking other people's jobs.

Airplanes, poison gas, the flamethrower, and tanks.

Liberty bonds were sold to the public in order to support the Allied cause in WWI. Trade with Europe also increased the U.S.'s economy.

The War economy was very structured. IT was primarily focused on the war effort. This is seen through Unions cooperating and the manufacturing of weapons. This was largely thanks to the effective propaganda. This is also when we see women taking up jobs to replace the men who were fighting in the war.

Germany would end up in heavy debt. This actually leads to the formation of the Nazi's soon in the future. And of course Germany was angry with the Allies.

The power among nations shifted dramatically. The U.S. becomes the biggest power. Britain and France are left trying to rebuild their nations. And Germany is left in crippling debt.

Woodrow Wilson (US president), Georges Clemenceau (french premier), David Lloyd George (british prime minister), Vittorio Orlando (italian prime minister)