RA- Heeter

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Rheumatoid Arthritis is…

  • chronic or acute

  • bilateral or asymmetrical

  • local or inflammatory

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50 Terms

1

Rheumatoid Arthritis is…

  • chronic or acute

  • bilateral or asymmetrical

  • local or inflammatory

Rheumatoid Arthritis is

  • CHRONIC

  • BILATERAL/SYMMETRIC

  • INFLAMMATORY

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2

RA is more common in what gender?

female

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3

RA is typically caused by

genetic prediposition combined with a triggering event

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4

2 risk factors for RA

  • family history/ genetic predisposition

  • low t levels in men

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5

RA causes chronic inflammation of the synovial tissue lining the joint which leads to

  • erosion of bone (osteoporosis) and cartilage

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6

Compared to Osteoarthritis, what is different about the joint stiffness that occurs in Rheumatoid Arthritis?

  • joint stiffness can last all day in RA, where with OA the joint stiffness typically lasts for 30 min in the morning

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7

Signs and Symptoms of RA:

  • fatigue, weakness, fever, loss of appetite

  • tender/swollen joints, nodules, symmetrical joint involvement

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8

Lab tests done on a patients with RA will show elevated…

ESRs and CRPs

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9

What joints are primarily affected by RA? How is this different than OA?

small joints. OA usually affects larger joints.

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10

In order to diagnosis RA, what is a mandatory requirement?

  • evidence of definite synovitis in at least one joint

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11

Are RA treatments for controlling or curing the disease?

controlling

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12

Nonpharm treatments of RA:

  • rest

  • therapy

  • assistive devices (cane, walker, etc)

  • weight loss

  • surgery

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13

For low disease activity, what medication is recommended for initial therapy?

Hydroxychloroquine

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14

For moderate-high disease activity, what DMARD is recommended for initial therapy?

Methotrexate

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15

Guidelines prefer not bridging RA therapy with _____________ if possible.

Glucocorticoids

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16

Bridging therapy may be needed for patients with

severe pain and inflammation

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17

What is the only thing that can slow the progression of RA?

DMARDs

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18

DMARDs stand:

Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs

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19

For therapy with DMARDs, treatment should begin

as soon as possible, ideally within 3 months since symptoms start

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20

How long does it take to see effects of therapy from DMARDs?

weeks to months

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21

How are NSAIDs used in the treatment of RA?

bridging therapy, NOT AS MONOTHERAPY

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22

Methotrexate belongs to what class of DMARDs

csDMARDs

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23

Guidelines recommend methotrexate should be titrated to >___ mg per week.

15

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24

ADRs of methotrexate

  • GI

  • Hematologic

  • pulmonary

  • hepatic

  • TERATOGENIC

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25

What supplement should be taken with MTX?

folic acid

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26

Contraindications of MTX

  • pregnancy

  • chronic liver disease

  • blood disorders (leukopenia, thrombocytopenia)

  • Immunodeficiency

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27

Hydroxychloroquine main ADRs

  • RETINOPATHY

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28

Leflunomide ADRs

  • Hepatic (elevated LFTs)

  • Hematologic (leukopenia, thrombocytopenia)

  • Teratogenic

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29

Sulfasalazine is contraindicated in individuals that have a

sulfonamide or salicylate allergy

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30

list the csDMARDs

  • Methotrexate

  • Hydroxychloroquine

  • Leflunomide

  • Sulfasalazine

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31

Which is preferred over the other, csDMARDs or bDMARDs?

csDMARDs

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32

bDMARDs are seperated what 2 classes

  1. TNFI

  2. non-TNFI

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33

Names of the TNFi agents:

  • adalimumab

  • etanercept

  • golimumab

  • certolizumab

  • infliximab

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34

Name the route all TNFi agents are administered, with the exception of infliximab.

SUB-Q

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35

What is the route of Infliximab?

IV infusion

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36

Name the frequency of administration for each TNFi agent:

  • adalimumab

  • etanercept

  • golimumab

  • certolizumab

  • infliximab

  • adalimumab- 1-2 weeks

  • etanercept- weekly

  • golimumab- monthly

  • certolizumab-monthly

  • infliximab- 8 weeks

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37

TNFi agents should not be used in patients with

moderate-severe heart failure

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38

ALL TNFi agents increase the risk of ___________ and _______________.

infection and malignancies

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39

This specific TNFi agent has increased risk of infusion related reactions

infliximab

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40

How do we prevent infusion related reactions?

premedicate w/ antihistamines, APAPs, Glucocorticoids

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41

Name of non-TNFi agents

  • Abatacept

  • Tocilizumab

  • Rituximab

  • Sarilumab

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42

Name the route and frequency for each non-TNFi agent:

  • Abatacept

  • Tocilizumab

  • Rituximab

  • Sarilumab

  • Abatacept- SUB-Q, weekly

  • Tocilizumab- SUB-Q; every 1-2 weekly OR IV; every 4 weeks

  • Rituximab- IV; every 24 weeks

  • Sarilumab- SUB-Q; every 2 weeks

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43

Abatacept should be used with caution if you have

COPD

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44

A non-TNFi is used when

csDMARDs and TNFi agents are ineffective

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45

ALL non-TNFi agents increase the risk of

serious infections and malignancies

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46

All tsDMARDs are what route?

oral

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47

Names of tsDMARDs:

  • JAK Inhibitors

  • Tofacitinib

  • Upadacitinib

  • Baricitinib

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48

What JAK Inhibitor/ tsDMARD increases the risk of CV morbidity/mortality?

Tofacitinib

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49

What 2 bDMARDs have been shown to be safe to use throughout the entire pregnancy?

Etanercept and Certolizumab

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50

To help reduce GI side effects of Methotrexate, what supplement should be taken?

FOLIC ACID

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