Module 15: Drugs Acting on the Respiratory System (Part I)

What are the primary functions of the respiratory system?

What is the respiratory center of the brain?

This refers to the functional unit of the lungs and the location of gas exchange.

The alveolar-capillary membrane is a __ that is considered the exact location of gas exchange in the alveoli

It refers to the mechanical flow of air into and out of the alveoli.

It refers to the physiologic exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveoli.

What term refers to the flow of blood to the alveolar capillaries?

What term refers to the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration?

It relaxes bronchial smooth muscles and plays an important role in the regulation of airway smooth muscle tone and activation of inflammatory cells.

This refers to a viral infection of the URT initiating the release of histamine and prostaglandins, therefore causing tissue swelling and increased mucus production.

Also known as hay fever, this URT condition is characterized by the inflammation of the nasal cavity caused by a reaction to a specific antigen.

This URT condition refers to the inflammation of the epithelial lining of the sinus cavity.

It refers to the infection of the pharynx/larynx and is frequently seen with influenza.

This refers to the inflammation of the lungs either caused by bacterial or viral invasion or aspiration of foreign substances.

It refers to the collapse of once-expanded lung tissue that occurs as a result of outside pressure against the alveoli.

It refers to the inflammation of the bronchi causing obstructed or narrowed airflow.

It refers to the abnormal dilation of the bronchial tree, eventually causing fibrous scar tissue.

What do patients with COPD manifest?

What do patients with RLD manifest?

What condition causes irreversible lung damage due to airway obstruction with increased resistance to airflow?

What condition is caused by fluid accumulation or loss of lung elasticity, with examples such as pulmonary fibrosis/edema, myasthenia gravis, and thoracic deformities?

It refers to an inflammatory disorder of the airway walls that is triggered by stress, allergens, or pollutants and is associated with varying degrees of airway obstruction.

What medication is one of the first-generation antihistamines with a potent sedating effect?

What first-generation antihistamine is used for prophylaxis for possible blood transfusion reactions?

Enumerate the first-generation antihistamines.

Enumerate the second-generation antihistamines.

It is produced by the dilation of nasal blood vessels, causing a leak of fluids into tissue spaces that results in the swelling of the nasal cavity.

What do you call the sympathomimetic amines that produce nasal mucosa capillary vasoconstriction leading to a reduction of nasal fluid secretion and decrease in swelling?

What are the available drug routes for phenylpropanolamine (PPA)?

What side effect of taking PPA is due to irritation of the nasal mucosa when used for more than three days?

True or False: Topical preparations have lower incidence of side effects.

This nasal decongestant used to be available as an OTC but has been removed from the list as reports suggest that it may increase risk of hemorrhagic stroke, hypertension, and renal failure.