Studied by 14 people5 degrees less than the body
Temperature of the scrotum
seminal plasma + sperm
What combines to create semen?
CL regresses causing FSH to be produced for new cycle
What happens to CL when there is no pregnancy?
Estrous
The production of estrogen begins what cycle?
penis lengthens and stiffen through blood engorgement
Erection
Emission movement & deposition of sperm and fluid from the deferent duct and tail of the epididymis as well as fluids from the accessory sex glands, into the pelvic urethra
Emission
when semen is expelled through the urethra
Ejaculation
vesicular gland
What gland helps produce semen?
sertoli cells
assist with spermatogenesis
produce offspring regularly
maximize reproductive efficiency
protect future reproductive capabilities
What are the 3 goals of equine reproduction?
21 days
What is the length estrous cycle?
14-16 days
What is the length of diestrus?
5-7 days
What is the length in estrus?
Diffuse
What is the shape of the placenta?
6 layers
How many layers of tissue are between the maternal and fetal blood?
it weakens
What happens to the supporting connective tissue of the uterus after each pregnancy?
drainage and predisposition to infection
What problem occurs due to the elongated shape of the uterus?
day 16
When does fixation of the embryo occur?
luteolysis
What is the destruction of CL called?
The last 48 hours of estrus
When does ovulation begin?
cervix soft, pink, clear slimy vaginal secretions, vagina vascular
State of the reproductive system during estrous?
cervix protrudes into vagina, constricted, viscous and sticky secretions
State of the reproductive system during diestrus?
tail switching, ear pinning, kicking, sexual rejection
Signs of the luteal phase
4-6 hours
How long does it take sperm to reach the egg?
335 days
Length of gestation
30 days before birth-10 days after
When do the testes descend in the scrotum?
Ridgling
What is the name of a stallion who has only one or both testes not descended?
spermatic cords, external cremaster muscle, and the epididymis
What suspends the testes?
Vesicular, bulbourethral, and prostate
3 male accessory glands?
55-57 days
How long does it take for sperm to mature?
12-13 years
At what age do the testes full mature?
breeding soundness exam
What is BSE?
300-400%
How much does the glans penis increase in size from an erection?
50%
How much does the shaft of the penis increase in size from an erection?
Last month of gestation
When does the udder enlarge?
3 weeks before foaling
When do the pelvic muscles relax?
12-36 hours before parturition
When is colostrum produced?
False
T/F A healthy mare should have milk streaming from it
24-48 hours before foaling
When does the vulva relax?
2 weeks prior to foaling
When does restlessness occur in the mare?
walking pasture or stall, tail swishing, looking at sides, kicking at abdomen
What are some symptoms of restlessness?
2
How many folds does the sheath form around the penis?
8 days
How long does it take for sperm to travel through the penis?
Vesicular
What male gland secretes a major portion of seminal plasma?
watery pre-sperm
What do the bulbourethral glands contribute to the seminal plasma?
seminal plasma and nutrients
What does the prostate gland contribute to?
foreskin
Prepuce
within 12 hours of ovulation/starting at day 2 of estrus
When should breeding occur?
July (may-june)
Prime breeding month
Note
Flashcard