Chapter 19: Elements and Their Properties

________ is seldom used as a free metal, but its compounds are needed for life.

________ is a metalloid, and bismuth is a metal.

________ is a black powder that consists of hexagonal layers of carbon atoms.

________ is a nonmetal that has three allotropes.

________ is the only metal that is not a solid at room temperature.

________ is used frequently in the construction of air- planes because it is light and strong.

________ contain small amounts of bromine or iodine.

________: one in which the nucleus breaks down and gives off particles and energy.

________ is a nonmetal that exists in several allotropic forms.

Lanthanum, ________, praseodymium, and samarium are used with carbon to make a compound that is used extensively by the motion picture industry.

In ________, metals tend to give up electrons easily because of the strength of charge of the protons in the nucleus.

As a group, nonmetals are ________ and electricity.

________: can be drawn into wires.

________ is the most chemically active of all elements.

________ is best known for its use in nuclear reactors and in weapons applications, but one of its compounds has been used as photographic toner, as well.

________ is second only to oxygen in abundance in Earths crust.

________: The process of a solid changing directly to a vapor without forming a liquid.

________ and cadmium often are used to coat, or plate, other metals such as iron because of this protective quality.

________ is important because it is used to harden steel, to manufacture stainless steel, and to form other alloys.

________ and uranium are the actinides found in the Earths crust in usable quantities.

________ can gain an electron when it combines with alkali and alkaline earth metals.

________: different forms of the same element, have different molecular structures.

________ occurs as an element in coal and as a compound in oil, natural gas, and foods.

________ are used to disinfect water.

________: elements that conduct an electric current under certain conditions.

In the gaseous state, the halogens form ________ molecules and can be identified by their distinctive colors.

________ is the fourth most abundant element in your body.

________ often is used in electrical wiring because of its superior ability to conduct electricity and its relatively low cost.

________: consists of two atoms of the same element in a covalent bond.

________: an form ionic and covalent bonds with other elements and can have metallic and nonmetallic properties.

________: elements that usually are gases or brittle solids at room temperature.

________: positively charged metallic ions are surrounded by a cloud of electrons.

________ is one of the metals used to produce the brilliant white color in fireworks.

________ is a silvery, liquid metal- the only metal that is a liquid at room temperature.

Like other metals, Group 1 metals are shiny, malleable, and ________.

________ combines with metals to form sulfides of such distinctive colors that they are used as pigments in paints.

________: usually have common properties- they are good conductors of heat and electricity, and all but one are solid at room temperature.

________ occurs as two allotropes.

________ is highly reactive.

________ is poisonous and can accumulate in the body.

can be hammered or rolled into sheets

can be drawn into wires

one in which the nucleus breaks down and gives off particles and energy

elements in Groups 3 through 12 in the periodic table

elements that usually are gases or brittle solids at room temperature

consists of two atoms of the same element in a covalent bond

an ionic compound

The process of a solid changing directly to a vapor without forming a liquid

an form ionic and covalent bonds with other elements and can have metallic and nonmetallic properties

different forms of the same element, have different molecular structures

elements that conduct an electric current under certain conditions

Elements having more than 92 protons, the atomic number of uranium