iran test vocab

president of Iran from 2005-2013

the most important shia religious holiday, commemorating the death of Hussein (martyr), the grandson of Muhammad

elected body that chooses the supreme leader

in shiite islam, a title in the religious hierarchy achieved by scholars who have demonstrated highly advanced knowledge of Islamic law and religion

“people’s militia”, which serves as a public morals police

parastatal autonomous charity organizations that lets the government move money around while also giving to the poor

head of judiciary

1906 uprising against the Qajar dynasty by secular and religious leaders to limit the power of the monarchy and resist Western imperialism

appointed body with 39 members that mediates between the majlis and the guardian council over legislative disputes

language of iran

appointed body of 12 members (half by the supreme leader, half by the chief justice) that vets candidates for office and can overturn legislation

descendants of the prophet muhammad, considered by shia muslims to be the true political and religious leaders of iran

1980-1988 conflict between the two countries which was started by iraq

name for post-revolutionary iran

the belief that islam should be the source of the political regime

current supreme leader of iran from 1989

president of iran from 1997-2005

the first supreme leader of iran from 1980 to his death in 1989

central holy book of islam

in shiism, a term for the “hidden imam”, the descendant of muhammad who will return to earth to usher in a new age

legislature of iran with 290 members who serve 4 year

prime minister of iran who was killed in operation ajax

main prophet of islam

political party in iran following WWII, it opposed the monarchy and favored greater iranian control over national resources which was outlawed after operation ajax

us and uk backed overthrow of the iranian prime minister mosaddeq in 1953

monarch if iran from 1941-1979

monarch of iran from 1925-1941

name for iran before 1935

the head of government

term for political conservatives in iran who oppose liberalization and political reform

description of view within shiism that rejects theocracy and that direct role of religion in the state

president of iran from 1989-1997 and the current head of the expediency council

paramilitary force charged with defending the regime from domestic and internal enemies

president of iran from 2013 to 2021

secret police of pre-revolutionary iran

reformist alliance that emerged in iran to contest 2000 majlis elections

religious law of islam

minority sect of islam that differs from sunnism over the rightful heir and proper descendants of Muhammad, majority in iran

chief spiritual and political leader of iran

rule by religion

“community”, refers to all islamic communities

rule by islamic jurists, also, iran’s political system which places power in the hands of clerics

policy of reforms enacted by reza shah, beginning in 1963, to rapidly modernize and westernize iran

another term for principalists

current president of iran since 2021, won in a probably rigged election

conquered iran in the 16th century and converted the population to shiism, lasted until 1722

made shiism the official religion of iran and moved the capital to tehran, lasted from 1794 to 1922 and suffered because of imperialism

a social movement born out of the corruption in the 2009 presidential election

launched by the shia leaders which aimed to purify the country from the shah’s regime, secular values, and western influences