Jefferson high school unit 1, chapter 5 ss9

Two house legislature

Three qualifications to be a representative

-30 years old
-US citizen for 9 years
-Must live in the state working for

-Impeach
-decide president if no majority
-Any tax bill starts in the house

A nickname for the last house power

-Impeachment
-Ratification Power
-Confirmation power

Senate must approve presidential appointments to office

senate must ratify formal treaties w/ other nations

an electoral system in which parties gain seats in proportion to the number of votes cast for them. (House of reps)

Each region has the same number of elected representatives (senate)

435

-Represent a District
-Gerrymander
-2 year terms
-Can be re-elected every 2 years
-Speaker of the house has the most power

the leader of the majority party who serves as the presiding officer of the House of Representatives, 2nd in line for president.

-Have Majority and Minority Party
-Both have Majority and Minority party leaders and whips
-Both have select committees
-Both are part of Standing committees
-Both are part of conference committees
-Both can serve on joint committees
-Operate on Seniroity

the political party in each house of Congress with the most members

the political party in each house of Congress with the second most members

Party leaders who work with the majority leader or minority leader to count votes beforehand and lean on waverers whose votes are crucial to a bill favored by the party.

the legislative leader elected by party members holding the majority of seats in the House or Senate

the legislative leader elected by party members holding a minority of seats in the House or the Senate

temporary committees in Congress created to conduct studies or investigations; they have no power to send bills to House or Senate floor

A permanent committee established in a legislature, usually focusing on a policy area, has congress members.

Committee appointed by the presiding officers of each chamber to adjust differences on a particular bill passed by each in different form.

A committee composed of members of both the House of Representatives and the Senate; such committees oversee the Library of Congress and conduct investigations.

-100 members
-6 year terms
-Only 1/3 is up for re-election every 2 years
-president pro tempo runs debates, not much power.

The official chair of the Senate; usually the most senior member of the majority party, 3rd in line for president.

deal with individual people or places

deal with general matters and apply to the entire nation

a resolution that is passed by both houses of Congress

a statement adopted to cover matters affecting only one house of Congress

a statement of position on an issue used by the House and Senate acting jointly; does not have the force of law and does not require the President's signature

when a congress member presents it

Pass bill, change bill, make a new bill of the same subject, pigonhole the bill, majority vote against it.

expression describing how most bills introduced in each session of Congress are buried, put away, or never acted upon

House of Representatives amendments allowed during debates over bills

Yes any bill

Yes

no

no

Yes

-Declare it law
-Veto
-Do nothing for 10 days

What happens if the president leaves a bill for 10 days and Congress is in session?

It dies

Allows for amendments

No amendments

2/3 majority in BOTH houses

by not voting at all

passing laws to the president, taxing citizens, borrowing money, commerce, currency and bankruptcy

impeaching officials, amend the constitution, conduct investigations, give advice and consent, choose executive appointments

The Writ of Habeas Corpus. ...
Bills of Attainder and Ex Post Facto Laws. ...
Export Taxes. ...
Port Preference Clause.

Approve presidential appointments, confirm all judicial appointments, ratify treaties, try impeached officials

-Impeach all elected officials
-choose the president if the electoral college cannot
-All spending bills start in the house (Power of the Purse)

-Nice salary
-Good healthcare
-Belonging to a powerful lawmaking body
-opportunity to meet president
-Work with powerful foreign governments

-Gather info for new bills
-Handles requests from constitutes
-deal with news reporters and lobbyists
-Contact law makers to influence policy making
-Works to help congress members win elections

a person whom a member of Congress has been elected to represent

people hired by private groups to influence government decision makers

a group of people with common goals who organize to influence government

Research and office duties

Deliver messages and run errands

-Gather info on issues there committee will handle
-They organize committee hearings
-Negotiate with lobbyists
- Draft bills

the largest library in the U.S., which was originally intended for use by Congressmen for research, has at least one copy of every book made in the U.S

-Reviews spending by federal agencies
-Studies federal progress
-Suggests spending ways
-Studies problems and spending ways.

Focuses on analyzing the president's budget and making economic projections about the performance of the economy, the costs of proposed policies, and the economic effects of taxing and spending alternatives.

a proposed law presented to a legislative body for consideration

8 (4 democrats) (4 Republicans)

legally prescribed limits on the number of terms an elected official can serve

6 years, unlimited

2 years, no limit

Bill is introduced, numbered, standing committee, subcommittee, reported out of committee, calendar, debate, steps repeated in the other house, if different versions - conference committee, approved by both houses, sent to the president

All Bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives;

With four times the membership, the House follows procedures closely and limits debate. Debate is nearly unlimited in the Senate and all members have an opportunity to influence legislation. Senators feel less pressure to move quickly on issues.

How a bill is passed in the Senate

First, a representative sponsors a bill. The bill is then assigned to a committee for study. If released by the committee, the bill is put on a calendar to be voted on, debated or amended. If the bill passes by simple majority (218 of 435), the bill moves to the Senate.

powers directly stated in the constitution, Article 1, section 8

powers that congress has that are not stated explicitly in the constitution (Article 1, section 8, clause 18)

The "Necessary and Proper" Clause, implied powers

Money, commerce, and military/foreign policy, taxes, printing money

Limits on Congress

Limits congressional power

help congress check other branches;proposing amendments, powers that do not have to do with creating laws, impeachment, investigation of Ex. Branch, amending the constitution

Vice President

the official count of a population

a person from a legislator's district

an oddly shaped election district designed to increase the voting strength of a particular group

Powers specifically given to Congress in the Constitution; including the power to collect taxes, coin money, regulate foreign and interstate commerce, and declare war.

Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution, which allows Congress to make all laws that are "necessary and proper" to carry out the powers of the Constitution.

To formally charge a public official with misconduct in office

A court order that requires police to bring a prisoner to court to explain why they are holding the person

laws under which specific persons or groups are detained and sentenced without trial

a law that would allow a person to be punished for an action that was not against the law when it was committed

Benefit allowing members of Congress to mail letters and other materials postage-free (Only job related mail)

persuader of legislators

Assistance given to constituents by congressional members, answering questions/doing favors

government projects and grants that primarily benefit the home district or state

a resolution that is passed by both houses of Congress

an organization of people with some common interest who try to influence government decisions

Unrelated amendments added to a bill

A lengthy speech designed to delay or kill the vote on a bill; used only in the Senate

A procedure used in the Senate to limit debate on a bill

voice vote, standing vote, recorded vote

voice vote, standing vote, and roll-call vote