yr 8 physics

the ability to do work

force and distance

work = force x distance

the energy an object has due to its motion

Energy that is stored and held

power = work/time

Joules (J)

Joules (J)

mass x acceleration

Watts (W)

the rate at which work is done

work (J) / time (S)

seconds (s)

meters (m)

Newtons (N)

10m/s2

1000 joules

1000 kilojoules

1,000,000 joules

Joule ÷ 1000

kilojoule × 1000

megajoule × 1,000,000

joule ÷ 1,000,000

megajoule × 1000

kilojoule ÷ 1000

energy of an object stored in its position above the surface of the earth

a form of potential energy that is stored in chemical bonds between atoms.

form of potential energy stored in the nucleus of an atom

the potential energy of an object that is stretched, compressed or bent

a form of kinetic energy possessed by an object due to its motion

a form of kinetic energy due to the vibrations of atoms and molecules making up the substance

the movement of energy through substances in longitudinal waves

movement of energy through electromagnetic field int he form of transverse wave

when 2 nuclei are smashed together

when a nucleus is split into 2

elastic, chemical, gravitational, nuclear

sound, thermal (heat), light, electrical, mechanical

movement of electrons in one direction (a current)

energy stored in the nucleus of an atom (binding energy)

a reaction that involves a change in the nucleus of an atom (release of energy)

sound energy is made by vibrations, which create sound waves

as a transversal wave in a straight line can travel through a vacuum, solid, liquid or gas

heat = specific form of energy that can leave or enter a system temperature = average kinetic energy of particles

from the warmer object to the colder object

the direct transfer of heat between objects in contact heat transfers from the hotter object to the colder one e.g. metal spoon in hot water

process where heat flows through liquids and gases causes heat to rise e.g. spreading soup in a saucepan

heat spreads outwards from any hot object e.g. heat of the sun outside

clear, allowing light to pass through

allowing light to pass through diffusely, not as clear

not letting light through

bending of light

bouncing back of a wave when it hits a surface through which it cannot pass

light acting as a particle to knock electrons out

photon

1. travels much faster than sound

2. speed of light = 300 000km/s (approx.)

3. when it hits a surface, its either reflected, absorbed or transmitted

4. travels in straight lines

5. it can bend: refraction

white light splitting into the rainbow due to refraction e.g. rainbow, diamond, glass prism