BIO_CH_11_&_12.4_Vocab

a cell replicates its DNA and then divides in half to produce two identical cells

disorder in which some of the body’s cells lose the ability to control cell growth (stem cells)

region of a chromosome in which the two sister chromatids attach

thread like structure of DNA and protein that contains genetic information; in eukaryots they are found in the nuculis; in prokaryots they are found in the cytoplasm (genetic material)

consists of DNA coiled around histones

parts of duplicated chromosomes

series of events in which a cell grows

when pieces of homologues structure is exchanged

portions of chromatids break off & reattach to adjacent chromatids on homologous chromosome

a cell that contains more than one type of homologues cell (mitosis)

sex cell (meiosis)

cell that only contains one type of genies (also meiosis)

micrograph of the complete diploid set of chromosomes

each pair of homologous chromosomes

• Orient themselves so corresponding genes are adjacent to each other

pairs of four chromosomes

in animals, cell membrane begins to pinch in middle

in plants, cell plate forms when vesicles from Golgi join at midline to separate the two daughter cells. Last part of cytokinesis in plants.

This is what you had, not sure it’s correct. (pairs is duplicated chromosomes that aren’t genetically identical)

pairs are duplicated chromosomes that aren’t genetically identical

where chromosomes line up at the center of the cell

“grabs” onto duplicated chromosomes and pulls them apart

3 of the 4 products in Development of Gametes. Eventually used for follicle in ovary

body cells

pairs of four chromosomes

(Length x Width) x 6

(Length x Width x Height)

Surface

________

Volume

genetic material inside the nucleus condenses and the duplicated chromosomes become visible

the centromeres of the duplicated chromosomes line up across the center of the cell

the chromosomes separate and move along spindle fiber to the opposite ends of the cell

the chromosomes which were distinct and condensed begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin

As part of the process the cell membrane pinches forming the cleavage furrow. The process of cell division completes by dividing the parent cell into two daughter cells also forming the cleavage furrow.

DNA coils to form chromosomes

-Spindle fibers appear, nucleolus & nuclear membrane disappear

-Chromosomes begin lining up w/ their homologues

Synapsis: pairing of homologous chromosomes; doesn’t occur in mitosis

tetrads line up randomly along metaphase plate

- Spindle fibers from poles attach to centromere of each homologue

sister chromatids move toward opposite pole of cell

-Each homologous chromosome consists of 2 chromatids attached at centromere

-Independent assortment: random separation of homologous chromosomes; results in more genetic variation

the chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cells.

once the chromosomes move to the poles cytokinesis begins.

produces two new cells each with one chromosome from each homologues pair.

spindle fibers form and begin to move chromosomes toward the middle of the cell.

Nuclear membrane will break down again if it formed after telophase I

chromosomes move toward the middle of the cell.

chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles of the cell.

nuclear membrane forms around the chromatin.

cytoplasm divides resulting in 4 non-identical, haploid sex cells.

Cell Growth Phase - It begins when mitosis is complete and ends when DNA replication begins.

First Step of Interphase.

DNA is synthesized as chromosomes are replicated.

Second step of Interphase.

Preparation for mitosis. Many of the molecules and cell structures required for cell division are produced; usually this is the shortest phase of the cell cycle.

Thirds step of Interphase.