WHISAP Chapter 2

Jamestown 1607

The English settlement that was the most consequential for the future United States

Indifferent

Which word best described England's efforts in the 1500s to compete with the Spanish Empire?

Violent and Unjust

The English treatment of the Irish, under the reign of Elizabeth I, can be best described as...

Francis Drake

Known as the "sea dog" he plundered the treasure ships of the Spanish Main

Walter Raleigh

He was the courtier whose colony at Roanoke Island was mysteriously abandoned in the 1580s

Humphrey Gilbert

He was an adventurer who tried but failed to establish a colony in Newfoundland.

Spanish Armada

Spain's dreams of empire began to fade with the defeat of the:

Roanoke Island

The first English attempt at colonization in 1585 was in

Laws of Primogeniture

This decreed that only eldest sons were eligible to inherit landed estates.

A joint-stock company

The financial means for England's first permanent colonization in America were provided by

Englishmen

The Virginia charter guaranteed that English settlers in the New World would retain the rights of

Jamestown

In its early years this settlement was mainly characterized by starvation, disease, and frequent Indian raids.

Captain John Smith

His role at Jamestown can best be described as saving the colony from collapse

Chief Powhatan

He had Captain John Smith kidnapped in order to impress Smith with his power and show the Indian's desire for peace.

Pocahontas

By interposing her head between his and his captor's clubs she "saved" Captain John Smith

"Starving Time"

Of the four hundred settlers who managed to make it to Virginia, only sixty survived the winter of 1609-1610. Also known as the:

Lord De la Warr

When he took control of Jamestown in 1610 he imposed a harsh military regime on the colony.

Food Supplies

Relations between the English colonists and the Powhattan were at first conciliatory, but remained tense, especially as the starving colonists took to raiding Indian.

John Rolfe

A peace settlement ended the first Anglo-Powahatan War in 1614 by the marriage of Pocahontas to the colonist:

The Second Anglo-Powhatan War 1644

The result of this ended any chance of assimilating the native peoples into Virginia Society.

The Lakotas

The introduction of horses brought about significant change these people; from this they became nomadic hunters.

Disease

The biggest disrupter of Native American life was:

Tobacco

The cultivation of this crop in Jamestown caused the destruction of the soil and soaring prosperity in the colony.

1619

What year were slaves first purchased in Jamestown?

Virginia's House of Burgesses

This marked an important precedent because it was the first of many miniature parliaments to flourish in America.

Catholics

Two major reasons for the founding of the Maryland colony in 1634 was to be financially profitable and create a refuge for:

White Indentured Servants

Despite its problems, Maryland prospered, and like Virginia it depended for labor in its early years mainly on

Lord Baltimore

At the outset, he allowed some religious toleration in the Maryland colony because he hoped to secure freedom of worship for his fellow Catholics.

Maryland's Act of Toleration

This guaranteed toleration to all Christians. In 1649.

Tobacco

This was considered a poor man's crop because it could be produced easily and quickly.

Sugar

This was called a rich man's crop for its commercial version could be purchased only by the wealthy.

Barbados Slave Code

slaves were denied the most fundamental rights as a result of the:

South Carolina

By developing close economic ties with the British West Indies this colony prospered:

Rice and Slaves

Two major exports of the Carolinas were:

Rice Cultivation

Some Africans became especially valuable as slaves in the Carolinas because they were experienced in

Charles Town (Charleston)

The busiest seaport in the southern colonies was in:

North Carolina and Rhode Island

the two most democratic colonies were

Outcasts and Irreligious

The inhabitants of North Carolina were regarded by their neighbors as

Hostile

The attitudes of Carolinians toward Indians can best be described as

Georgia

This colony was founded as a defensive butter against Spain for the Valuable Carolinas.

Imprisoned for Debt

Georgia's founders were determined to create a haven for people that were:

Georgia

This colony grew very slowly because of its unhealthy climate, early restrictions on black slavery, Spanish attacks and lack of a plantation economy

Handsome Lake

The Iroquis leader who helped his nation revive its old customs was

Merging with other tribes

In the face of devastating diseases, war and dislocation, what strategy did dwindling Native American tribes use to survive?

Agricultural Products

Virginia, Maryland, the Carolinas, and Georgia were similar in that they were all economically devoted to exploring commerical: