Chapter 8: Data

Computers read machine code, which at the ________, is made up of 0s and 1s.

________ "and "no ________ "are easy conditions to detect.

Classifying: Grouping data with ________ and values helps computers make sense of large datasets.

Data collected from all types of events- such as visits, searches, inquiries, orders, returns, temperatures, scores, ________, acres planted, acres harvested, fish, birds, photos, videos, and audio files- are considered to be raw data.

________ such as spreadsheets and databases can be used to filter, organize, and search the data.

The ________ takes in the binary value and interprets it as a color, text value, or number, based on what the program is expecting.

Changing, adding, or deleting metadata does not impact or change the ________ in any way.

is the number system used in computer science.

is a concept that is a little hard for many students to grasp.

In addition to the numbers we just reviewed, binary numbers can also represent ______ for text fields.

Computer monitors work the same way and add differing amounts of red, green, and blue to create the colors that are displayed.

Use leading 0s on the left to make a byte (8 bits)

Convert 21 to binary

2110 = 000101012

Convert 00011011 to decimal

00101001, we would not know what it represented

Lossless and Lossy

Computers "clean" data

Computers filter data easily

Grouping data with similar features and values helps computers make sense of large datasets

This can unintentionally be present in data

The data analysis starts with a hypothesis or question to check

It could be a number, text, color, instruction, or other representation.

occur in computers when the integer to be represented needs more bits than the programming language can represent.

of bits are assigned to hold integers in many programming languages.

occur because of the way numbers with decimal points are stored in the computer.

is a continuous stream of data values.

techniques allow the original image to be restored.

techniques lose some data in the compression process.

enable us to process data to turn it into information for decision making and research.

collected from all types of events—such as visits, searches, inquiries, orders, returns, temperatures, scores, attendees, acres planted, acres harvested, fish, birds, photos, videos, and audio files—are considered to be raw data.

Computers "clean" data.

can also change "dr." to "Drive" for consistency.

Computers filter data easily.

Grouping data with similar features and values helps computers make sense of large datasets.

may use one or more criteria.

This can unintentionally be present in data.

The data analysis starts with a hypothesis or question to check.

Computers are able to identify patterns in data that people are either unable to recognize or cannot process enough data to see the pattern.

may not mean one thing caused the other.

is the ability to increase the capacity of a resource without having to go to a completely new solution, and for that resource to continue to operate at acceptable levels when the increased capacity is being added.

is data that describes data and can help others find the data and use it more effectively.

help summarize data visually.

are needed to help analyze the data and recognize patterns.