Science Human Body Chapter 1 and 2 Vocab

basic unit of structure and function in a living thing

covers and protects cells

contains dna/genetic material

gel like fluid that fills in space

a group of similar cells that preform the same function

contracts and relaxes to move body

• skeletal muscle (bicep, tricep, quad)

• smooth muscle (stomach, intestine)

• cardiac (heart)

sends signals/info to the body through neutrons (ex: spine, cerebrum)

supports and connects parts of your body (ex: blood, bone, ligaments, tendons, fat)

covers and protects body/organs (ex: skin, organ lining)

a structure made up of different kinds of tissue

group of organs working together to carry out major functions

all the bones in your body

attached to the bones of ur skeleton and provides the force that moves your bones

a place in the body where two bones come together

they made up the endocrine system, release chemical signals directly into the bloodstream

condition in which an organism’s internal conditions are kept stable despite changes to the outside environment (ex: ph balance, body temperature, water/sugar in blood)

1. all living organisms are composed of cells, they may be unicellular or multicellular.

2. the cell is the basic unit of life

3. all cells come from preexisting cells

powerhouse of the cell

remove waste

synthesize proteins

storage for cell

have membrane bound nucleus

no nucleus

connective tissue that connects bone to bone

hard and dense, with blood vessels throughout it

lightweight, full of spaces for marrow

a type of soft connective tissue

strong connective tissue that is more flexible than bone

a condition in which bones become weak and break easily

muscles not under your conscious control

muscles under your conscious control

attaches a muscles to the bone

a layer in the skin, dead skin cells rise to the top new skin cells formed at the bottom of the epi.

protects skin from UV radiation, gives skin color

“living layer of skin”, contains sweat glands, blood-vessels, nerve endings

openings that allow sweat to reach the surface

a disease when some cells divide uncontrollably

covers and protects bone

soft tissue in marrow produces blood cells

stores fat

1. structure and support

2. protection

3. movement

4. storage of minerals, yellow marrow stores fat

5. red marrow produces blood cells

1. some fues tgt or lost (300 when born to 206 as an adult)

2. Some red marrow replaced by yellow marrow

3. growth plates disappear

4. cartilage in joints can wear away causing arthritis

5. bones lose mineral density, become brittle a break aka osteoporosis

cushions, protects and controls temp, bottom layer on skin

strugy protective protein

gives skin elasticity