Neuroscience

activates fear response

chemical outside the body that shuts off receptors

merges information from visual and auditory cortex, neocortex

glial cells that get nutrients to the neurons and maintain the electrochemical gradient

controls automatic body functions, subset of the peripheral nervous system

learn movement and coordination, near base of the brain

responsible for speech

coordinates movement and solves problem, behind brainstem

largest part of brain, anterior portion

becomes active when we experience unpleasant things

opposite side of body

uses MRI scan that allow white matter to be seen on the scan

consists of caudate and putamen, apart of the basal ganglia, coordinates movement

produced by the body

responsible for facial recognition

group of neurons and glial cells grouped together to preform a certain function

inhibits circuits to the thalamus to control how sensory movement is coordinated into movement, part of the basal ganglia

excites neurons

forming new memories

produces hormones

same side of the body

area of the brain where neurons died

regulates emotions, endocrine system, and forming emotional memories, works on instincts

regulates life functions, close to spinal cord

clean debris and remove germs, glial cells

outer part of brain that processes high-level information, has gyri and sulci

network of neurons and glia grouped together to preform a certain function

process smell, bottom part of the temporal lobe

glial cells that wrap myelin around CNS

rest, digest, repair, subset of autonomic ns

chemicals from outside the body that enhance, mimic, or block neurotransmitter actions

regulate sleep, awareness and motor function, located in brain stem/myelencephalon

decision making

process messages from the ear via the vestibulocochlear nerve, temporal lobe

pons and medulla regulate awareness and alterness

glial sells that wrap myelin around PNS

controls movement via skeletal muscles, subset of pns

send inhibitory signals to thalamus to coordinate sensory information with motor plans, basal ganglia

fight, flight, freeze, fuck

coordinates movement, consists of substantia nigra, subthalamic nucleus, and part of the basal ganglia

necessary for processing and understanding language

lens changes shape to bring object into focus on the retina

tissue inside cochlea where hair cells are located

auditory clues that require comparison in both ears to understand location of an object

require that the image falls on both eyes to understand how far it is

physical message is delivered to the senses

belief a person as been replaced with an imposter

response to specific air molecules, interpret smell and taste, found in nose

snail-shaped inner ear where hair cells are located

respond to motion, located in the visual strait cortex

condition where you cannot experience pain

covers eye, responsible for 80% of focusing visual images

receives signal from rods, send signal to large ganglion cells

takes information from occipital lobe to parietal lobe to we can identify an objects location

cells in visual cortex that respond to specific stimuli

portion of the retina directly behind the pupil that has a high concentration of cones

belief that an unknown person is a familiar person in disguise

understand pitch due to rate of cellular firing in the basilar membrane

painful stimuli is blocked by the spinal cord when you engage in other activities

we perceive objects as whole even when parts are missing

objects that move together are grouped together

when lines cross each other we perceive them as continuous

objects close together are grouped together

objects that are similar are grouped together

sensory neurons in the eat that convert soundwaves into neural firing

sensory neurons in vestibular sacs that converts information of gravity into neural firing

compares intensity of difference sounds that arrive at each ear to understand location

compares small differences in arrival times of sound in each ear

inability to dislodge a song from one's conscious

how we sense our bodies in space

receive information from diffuse bipolar cells, turns into optic nerve when leaving the eye

six layered portion of the thalamus that processes visual information

flexible tissue that focuses light on the retina

respond to red light

respond to pressure on skin

portion of the thalamus that organizes auditory information before sending it to the auditory cortex

respond to green/yellow light

receive signals from cones and send messages to small ganglion cells

require one eye to understand, information about depth and distance

tissue containing chemoreceptors in the nose

respond the specific odorant

where optic nerve crosses before reaching the thalamus

analyses both taste and smell

three small bones in the eat that amplify vibrations at the eardrum and transmit those signals to the oval window of the cochlea

bumps on tongue where tastebuds are located

external part of the ear

understands pitch due to location firing in the basilar membrane

attempts to understand the way physical sensations are translated into perceptions

inability to recognize faces

difference between images that fell on each eye, used to figure out distance between us and the object

spatial organization of the retinal image maintained through the visual pathway

sense change in acceleration and rotation of the head, inner ear

response to lines in a specific orientation, found in the visual striate cortex

receives signals from midget bipolar cells, turns into optic nerve

processes touch and motion, parietal lobe

detect changes in temperature on the skin

spatial organization of the basilar membrane maintained through the auditory pathway

integrates one's beliefs and memories into their sensory experience

external sensations are converted into neural firing

colour information is identified by comparing activities of difference cones