unit 4 history test

________- domed monument that included a relic of buddha or scenes from his teachings.

________- more mystical; some have declared buddha divine.

________- practiced mostly in tibet; makes mandala art made of sand; yoga and meditation.

________- how to rule handbook for rulers in muryan empire.

________- known was traveling widely and gathering untranslated texts and translating them into chinese.

________- people who have achieved all but enlightenment; stop being reincarnated; stay on earth to help other people on path to enlightenment.

________- a promise with god that said that the jews were gods chosen people.

________- spirits who possessed people to deliver messages.

________- god who is the life giving force of the universe.

________ (Dharma)- helps you end up where you should and is good for community; responsibilites.

________- deity that represents destruction.

________ expanded the gupta empire; patron of the arts- helped promote hinduism.

________- see the world as ________, spirits inhabiting everything.

________ and Pillar Edicts- where the laws of mauryan, mixed moral and law ideas, shared buddhist philosphy; were written by ashoka.

________- the way of the ancestors; following buddhists examples as closely as possible; argued as a philosophy.

________- lived in 300- 400 CE; buddhist translator who clarified ideas and made buddhist texts more accessible.

________ who spread buddhism throughout asia; ruler of the mauryan empire- 268- 232; saw a rebellion against his empire where his people killed people and started to spread buddhism and follow its principle.

Sogdians- 300- 700 ________, lived around modern tajikistan and uzbekistan.

________- deity that represents existence /growth.

________*- one of the epics.

________- one god who appears in different forms.

________*- most famous part of the Mahabharata.

________- what jewish and arab people are referred to as; descendants of shem.

________- buddhas close group- like jesus disciples.

Kanishka the Great- one of the rulers of the ________; devout buddhist; built stupas.

________- person who started buddhism; buddha.

________*- meant to be inspiring; looked at during times of adversary because characters face a lot of challenges.

________- started Buddhism, awoke by realizing everyone is united by suffering.

________- very decentralized religion; when mixed with brahmanism.

________- the mixing of religions.

________ exiled from rome for thousands of years.

________- illusion of separation of brahman and atman.

________- world, spirit, reality truth.

________- name of spirits in shinto religion.

________- many gods.

________- religion from central asia; turns into hinduism; agricultural structured developed from vedic religion.

________ want out to live with brahma.

________- the name of the country for jews,

________- period after conquest of babylonians; period after israel and judah conquered.

________- moral cause and effect- do the right thing- do dharma to get good karma.

________- the torah that has jewish history and teachings; first five books of the bible.

________- unified india; shaundragupta founded it; fell because of treasury; had spy network; large military; civil laws to govern traders and merchants; had centralized government.

________- deity that represents birth.

domed monument that included a relic of buddha or scenes from his teachings

known was traveling widely and gathering untranslated texts and translating them into chinese

line of hereditary rulers

king who founded achaemenid dynasty

king in persia, claimed he was appointed by ahura mazda

foot soldiers

lightly armored soldiers with bow and arrow on horseback

large horses used to carry a fully armored soldier with heavy weapons

soldiers you can hire to fight in your army

capital city constructed under darius, place were ceremonies would be held

god in persian society

underground irrigation system still in use in iraq today

military bodyguard; darius was one

events that took place after written records were introduced

events that took place before written records

the study of past humans and human society

study of past humans and human society using remains

it can be used for fossils up to 50,000 years old. Its the ratio between carbon

the study of strata and the decay to find out how old it is

modern humans

old stone age when language came round

a story that tells how humans were created

knowledge or stories passed down from generation to generation by word of mouth (customs, history, spiritual beliefs)

the birth of agriculture/new stone age(polished stone tools)

lifestyle; people who domesticate and herd animals

trained wild animals (raising them for their own benefits)

societies that mostly depended on farming

contains tens of thousands

several cities plus surrounding villages

large territories of cities and farmland ruled by a single person

large concentrations of people that made more complex societies

based economy, a social hierarchy, a division of labor and specialization, a centralized government, monuments, record

extra food

many more people could be sustained in an area because they were getting more calories

a disease that jumps from animals to humans

“self

river in egypt

a ruler was placed by gods or was an embodiment of a god

”writing that used images to express sounds and meanings”

water system used for agriculture

great pyramid or sphinx, made to inspire awe and project power

word used for the king

empire in mesopotamia

iraq

iraq

sumerian and akkadian written language

laws placed by akkadian king

home for gods; where they are worshiped

central america(meso

game created by olmec with

major city in olmec civilization

major city in olmec civilization

heads made to honor past rulers

mountains in peru

oldest major city

civilization in peru