learning and motivation 2/9/22

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Opponent/b process

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41 Terms

1

Opponent/b process

serves to counteract primary process and maintain homeostasis.

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2

emotional event

The repeated presentations of a(n) ________ diminishes primary process response and increases strength of b process.

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3

Suppression ratio

(number of responses emitted during cs period)/ (number of cs responses and number of pre- cs responses)

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4

Reflex

automatic response to a stimulus.

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5

Classical conditioning

stimulus elicits response because it is associated w another stimulus.

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6

Excitatory conditioning

ns associated with presentation of us.

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7

Reflex arc

neural structure underlying some reflexes.

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8

Temporal conditioning

ns /cs is the passage of time.

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9

Inhibitory conditioning

ns associated with absence /removal of us.

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10

Elicited / respondent behavior

behavior (involuntary) drawn out by preceding stimulus.

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11

elicited / respondent behavior

behavior (involuntary) drawn out by preceding stimulus

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12

reflex

automatic response to a stimulus

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13

startle response

defensive response to unexpected stimulus

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14

orienting response

body movement to position ourselves toward a stimulus

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15

reflex arc

neural structure underlying some reflexes

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16

sign stimulus / releaser

specific stimulus that elicits a fixed action pattern

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17

primary / a process

directly elicited by the event

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18

opponent / b process

serves to counteract primary process and maintain homeostasis

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19

classical conditioning

stimulus elicits response because it is associated w another stimulus

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20

conditioned stimulus (cs)

initially neutral, elicited response when paired w unconditioned stimulus

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21

conditioned response

often similar to ur, elicited by cs

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22

appetitive conditioning

seek out this stimulus

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23

aversive conditioning

avoid this stimulus

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24

suppression ratio

(number of responses emitted during cs period)/(number of cs responses and number of pre-cs responses)

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25

excitatory conditioning

ns associated with presentation of us

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26

inhibitory conditioning

ns associated with absence / removal of us

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27

temporal conditioning

ns / cs is the passage of time

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28

pseudoconditioning

elicited response that appears to be a cr but it actually the result of sensitization

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29

startle response

defensive response to unexpected stimulus

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30

orienting response

body movement to position ourselves toward a stimulus

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31

fixed action patterns

instincts elicited by a specific stimulus (species-specific)

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32

sign stimulus / releaser

specific stimulus that elicits a fixed action pattern

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33

opponent-process theory of emotion

the repeated presentations of an emotional event diminishes primary process response and increases strength of b process

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34

conditioned stimulus (cs)

initially neutral, elicited response when paired with unconditioned stimulus

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35

conditioned response (cr)

often similar to ur, elicited by cs

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36

appetitive conditioning

conditioning to seek out a stimulus

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37

aversive conditioning

conditioning to avoid a stimulus

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38

pseudoconditioning

elicited response that appears to be a cr but it actually is the result of sensitization

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39

sensitization

increase in strength of elicited behavior following repeated presentations of eliciting stimulus

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40

which is the least effective?

  • backward conditioning

  • trace conditioning

  • delayed conditioning

  • simultaneous conditioning

backward conditioning

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41

which is the most effective?

  • backward conditioning

  • trace conditioning

  • delayed conditioning

  • simultaneous conditioning

delayed conditioning

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