Studied by 3 peopleCorpus callosum
thick band of nerve fibers that connects the 2 hemispheres of the brain
Reticular formation
________: structure in brain stem that maintains alertness and consciousness- myelinates throughout early childhood and into adolescence.
Cerebellum
________: structure that aids in balance and control of body movement- contributes to dramatic gains in motor coordination and in thinking.
Hippocampus
________: inner- brain structure that plays a vital role in memory and spatial understanding- develops rapidly in the second half of the first year, when recall memory and independent movement emerge.
Amygdala
________: inner- brain structure that processes novelty and emotional information- governs regulation of emotion.
Greater development of prefrontal cortex
________- changes and growth in ability to think, strategize, and control emotion.
prefrontal cortex
the highest level in the brain
Most rapid brain growth occurs in the
frontal areas that regulate planning and goal setting.
The prefrontal cortex plays important roles in
attention, memory, and self regulation
Corpus callosum myelinates
rapidly during early childhood.
The prefrontal cortex shows extensive development from
3 to 6 years of age and continues to grow through the remainder of childhood and adolescence.
Development in prefrontal cortex makes it increasingly possible for preschoolers to
control emotional outbursts, understand how to play games, understand rules, cooperative play
The myelin coating essential for the development of the neural pathways that connect individual parts of the brain undergoes its most prominent increase in
the first 3 to 4 years of life
Rapid myelination of the corpus callosum allows
the two hemispheres to communicate and better coordinate activities that use both sides of the body at the same time.
During early childhood, the brain continues to change both its
structure and its functions
The two hemispheres become
more specialized.
Synapses now form at
a slower rate than they did in infancy
The rate of synaptic pruning
increases
a good deal of _______________ is still occurring.
myelination and synaptic remodeling
The overall rate of brain metabolism rises to
twice that of adult levels by the ages of 4 and 5 years
This high level of brain metabolism continues until
9 to 10 years of age.
Note
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