Annexation
Legally adding land area to a city in the United States
Central Business District (CBD)
The area of a city where retail and office activities are clustered
Central Place Theory
A theory that explains that distribution of services based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas
Concentric Zone Model
A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups spatially arranged in a city of rings
Conurbation
An extended urban area; usually consisting of several towns merging with the suburbs or one or more cities
Density Gradient
The change in density in an urban area from the center of the periphery
Edge City
A large node of office and retail activities on the edge of an urban area
Filtering
A process of change in the use of a house, from single-family owner occupancy to abandonment
Galactic City
A mini edge city that is connected to another city by the beltways or highways
Gentrification
A process of converting an urban neighborhood from predominately low-income, renter-occupied area to a predominantly middle-class, owner-occupied area
Greenbelts
A ring of land maintained as parks, agriculture, or other types of open space to limit the sprawl of urban areas
Hinterland
The area surround a central place from which people are attracted to use the place’s goods and services
Latin America City Model
Combines elements of Latin America culture and globalization by combining radial sectors and concentric zones
Market Areas
The area surround a central place form which people are attracted to use the place’s goods and services
Megalopolis
A term used to designate the large coalescing supercities that are forming in diverse parts of the world
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)
In the United States, a central city of at least 50,000 populations, the county within which the city is located
Micropolitan Statistical Area
An urbanized area between 10,000 and 50,000 inhabitants
Multiple Nuclei Model
A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a collection on nodes of activities
New Urbanism
Outlined by a group of architects, urban planners, and developers from over 20 countries, and urban design that calls for development
Peripheral Model
A model of North American Urban areas consisting of an inner city surrounded by large suburban residential and business areas tied together by beltway or ring road
Primate City
The largest settlement in a country
Public Housing Project
Housing owned by the government
Redlining
A process by which banks draw lines on a map and refuse to lend money to purchase of improve property within the boundaries
Scattered Site
Site in which dwellings are dispersed throughout the city rather than clustered in a larger project
Squatter Settlement
An area within a city in a less developed country in which people illegally establish residencies on land they do not own or rent
Sector Model
A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a series of sectors, or wedges, radiating out from the central business district
Suburb
A subsidiary urban area surrounding and connected to the central city
Sprawl
Development of new housing sites at relatively low density and at locations that are not contiguous to the existing built-up area
Underclass
A group of society prevented from participating in the material benefits of a more developed society because of a variety of economic characteristics
Urban Realms Model
A spatial generalization of the large, late-twentieth century city in the United States
Urban Renewal
Program in which cities identify blighted inner-city neighborhoods, acquire the properties from private owners, etc;
World City
Dominant City in terms of it’s role in the global political economy. Not the worlds biggest city in terms of population or industrial output
Zone Transition
An area that is either become more rural or more urban
Zoning Ordinance
A law that limits the permitted uses of lands and maximum density of development in a community