Legal Studies Unit 2 AoS 3

Legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom or entitlement.

Laws passed by Commonwealth, state, and territory legislatures to protect rights.

Adoption of rights outlined in a treaty, convention, or declaration, legally binding the nation.

Formal document signed by countries to follow laws outlined in the document.

Non-binding agreement between countries with agreed-upon aspirations.

Document setting out the basic rights and freedoms of citizens.

To cancel or abolish common law through passing an Act to Parliament.

Law made outside the Parliament's powers, declared invalid by the courts.

A state or organization that signed an international treaty to adopt it into legislation.

Judges protect rights through statutory interpretation or precedent.

Precedents confirming human rights and confirmed by Parliament.

Legal document establishing the structure and law-making powers of a country.

Rights explicitly stated in the Constitution and apply to all citizens.

Rights not explicitly written in the Constitution but exist through judicial interpretation.

Mechanisms established by the Commonwealth to indirectly protect rights and prevent abuse of power.

High Court, which interprets and applies rights protected by the Constitution.

Non-binding agreement between countries with agreed-upon aspirations.

Formal document signed by countries to follow laws outlined in the treaty.

Document outlining basic rights and freedoms in a state or country.

The process by which a treaty is adopted and implemented by a country's government and parliament.

The first ten amendments to the US Constitution that protect basic rights of Americans.

No laws that restrict the US government from making laws that prohibit religious expression and practices.

Interprets and applies rights in the US, cannot be overridden by Congress.

Requires support from 66% of Congress and 75% of state legislators.

Main ways rights are protected in Australia.

Rights protected through judicial precedent.

Referendums required for changes to express rights in the Australian Constitution.

A document that strengthens rights protection and holds governments accountable.

Changing laws to better protect the rights of specific groups, such as Indigenous peoples and asylum seekers.

Increased funding for legal aid and organizations to ensure access to justice for all.